The problem of tariff disintegration between urban and suburban transport in the tashkent agglomeration

The article examines the problem of fare fragmentation between urban and suburban transportation within the Tashkent agglomeration, which leads to increased passenger expenses and reduced infrastructure efficiency. The subject of the study is the development of a coordinated fare interaction mechanism between different transport modes and the creation of an economically justified model of fare integration. The purpose of the research is to design a unified fare calculation scheme that incorporates a suburban train trip as an integral part of a multimodal journey within the city transport network. The methodological framework includes a comparative analysis of the existing fare systems, assessment of their impact on passenger costs, and the development of a mathematical model for integrated fare formation. A practical approach is proposed in the form of a fixed transfer discount implemented through the ATTO digital platform. The method provides automatic identification of multimodal routes, unification of all trips into a single transaction, and the application of a regulated discount for transfers between suburban rail and urban transit services. The results demonstrate that fare integration significantly reduces total passenger expenses and increases the attractiveness of suburban rail transport. The practical relevance of the findings extends to fare policy development, transport planning, creation of transport hubs, and digital solutions for managing passenger flows. The study concludes that implementing an integrated fare system based on digital technologies will enhance travel accessibility and convenience, improve the efficiency of the agglomeration’s transport system, and contribute to sustainable mobility development.