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At this time, an urgent area of development in the field of railway transport is the reduction of operating costs for maintenance and repair of collector traction motors . The analysis of data from the monitoring of new rolling stock shows that one of the elements affecting the reliability during the operation of traction motors is the collector-brush unit. Failures associated with unsatisfactory operation of the collector-brush unit elements reach 30% of the total number for traction motors. At work of traction electric motors there is a continuous process of mechanical, electric and chemical interaction of electric brushes with a collector, leading to deterioration of electric brushes. During the research, the authors proposed a mathematical model to determine the intensity of wear of electric brushes. The paper provides information about developing an approach that allows using the operating data recorded by locomotive on-board parameter monitoring system to determine the service life of traction motor brushes. For elimination of the problem connected with processing of big arrays of parameter values for calculation, in mathematical model of intensity of wear of electric brushes it is offered to divide the received data into intervals with definition of average values and probability of approach for each of them, and also the technique on realization of the offered decision is resulted. The developed approach allows us to eliminate the need for long-term wear tests on traction motors in operation and reduce not only time, but also financial costs. The reliability of the developed method was assessed by comparing the wear values of different types of electric brushes installed on locomotive traction motors in operation with the calculated values.

The results of infrared studies of the process of heating parts collector and brush assembly dc electrical machines. Proved diagnostic parameters for assessing the technical condition of the collector-brush assembly of electric motors: the ratio of changes in the elevation of temperature in time and space.

In this article the generalized results of researches of change of intensity of wear of electrical brushes in the traction motors of electric locomotives. On the basis of the conducted research the author proposes an algorithm to predict the operating life of the brushes, given the parameters of the operation. In order to increase the reliability of the calculation has been developed algorithms, which allow additionally taking into account the effect of the collector’s surface.

The article is devoted to the description of the requirements for the accuracy of control devices and the development of methods to ensure the claimed dimensional accuracy by methods of dimensional analysis. The conditions for ensuring the accuracy of the assembly scheme, the determination of the dimensional chain and dimensional analysis of the dimensional chain during the assembly of the control device, as well as the main causes of errors during assembly and ways to eliminate them are listed. In addition, the consequences of the influence of irregular gaps in the interfaces of the control device parts on the measurement accuracy are presented, various types of assembly dimensional chains are considered, tasks solved when calculating the dimensional chain. The paper presents a compiled dimensional chain of the technological process of assembling a measuring instrument for monitoring the alignment of the inserts of motor-axial bearings of traction electric motors of locomotives, which represents a dimensional chain of the first type and is a chain with linear dimensions and vertically parallel links. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the calculated tolerances and limit deviations of the links of the assembly dimensional chain, providing the required value of the closing link for the proper functioning of the assembled measuring instrument. The paper describes the selection of the closing link of the dimensional chain, the selection of the links that make up the dimensional chain, the calculation of the limiting deviations of the closing link that ensure the required measurement accuracy during operation of the control device and the calculation of the limiting deviations of the components of the links of the dimensional chain by the "maximum-minimum" method. Thus, the article presents a solution to the design problem of dimensional analysis, which consists in determining the accuracy of the component links of the dimensional chain when assembling the control device according to the known calculated tolerance of the closing link and its limit deviations.

To increase the level of mechanization and automation of the assembly processes of rail and sleepers, link assembly lines are installed at the production bases of the track machine stations. In 2012, a semi-automatic link assembly line of KB03 brand was introduced on the Belarusian Railways for the assembly of a rail-and-sleep grid on reinforced concrete sleepers with an SB-3 intermediate fastening. Increasing the productivity of this line is a priority area in research, since in modern conditions there is an increase in the volume of overdue railway track repairs. In the course of the study, it was determined that the most rational solution for studying the work of a link assembly line and finding ways to increase the productivity of its work is to use simulation tools. After studying the technical and other accompanying documentation, a simulation model of the KB03 assembly line was developed. Then the developed model was validated, during which it was found trustworthy and suitable for experiments. Based on the analysis of the results of the experiments carried out on the model, solutions were formed to control the production process of the KB03 assembly line to obtain the maximum increase in its productivity. The calculation of the economic feasibility of introducing the proposed changes and adjustments to the technological process of the link assembly line in production was carried out.

The factors affecting the operational reliability of the assembly platform of a rail service car maintaining the repair and installation on the railways are considered in the paper. An assessment and analysis of a system of quantitative indices of reliability is performed, the methods for their separate determination by mechanical equipment and hydro and electrical equipment is described. The strategy of maintenance and repair combined with the use of methods and means of a modern diagnostic system is considered; it ensures the estimation of the object reliability during its design, operation and repair.