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Considered the features of modern automatic control systems of pantographs. The spectral density analysis of pantograph contact force at high speeds showed requirements for robust control systems, which allows to significantly improve the quality of the current collection. Proposed the ways to improve the automatic control systems for pantographs, aimed at improving the speed and reducing the inertia of the system.

Nowadays a frequency-controlled externally excited synchronous motor intensively uses in highly automated high-power electric drives. Earlier there were less reliable and more carefully maintained electromechanical direct current systems in these applications. At the same time, setting up of the closed-loop automatic control systems with subordinate regulation of the synchronous machines is the more difficult task. This is because a synchronous machine is a more complex control object. The purpose of this work is a comparative analysis of transients. In this case, saturation is taken into account according to the magnetic flux in the air gap. The coordinates of the machine are regulated by two different automatic control systems. The first system is typical, which uses field-oriented control of the magnetic field of the stator, the second system is upgraded, it selects the law of control of the magnetic field depending on the static load. Special attention in the current article is paid to the method of accounting for the saturation of the magnetic system of the motor and the construction of a mathematical and simulation model convenient. This article substantiates the feasibility of synthesizing more complex automatic control systems are ones with variable structure. The choice of the magnetic field control law in such systems avoids the negative effect of saturation of the machine's magnetic system on the quality of transients. The models presented in the current work can be used in the design of real controlled synchronous electric drives operating under high loads.