Search results

The article considers an important scientific and technical problem of determining the transient resistance in the “rail - ground” system, which is of critical importance for ensuring the safety and efficiency of railway transport. The subject of the study is the mechanism of electric current spreading through the ballast layer, taking into account the features of the contact interaction between the rail and the crushed stone. The purpose of the study is to develop a comprehensive methodology for calculating the electrical parameters of a railway track. To achieve this goal, an analytical modeling methodology is applied that takes into account the mechanical characteristics of the system, the resistivity of materials and the influence of the water layer. In the course of the work, a mathematical model was developed that allows taking into account various configurations of crushed stone contact with the rail, including lateral contact and clamping under the rail. Special attention in the study is paid to the analysis of the influence of mechanical stress in the contact zone, surface and volume conductivity, as well as the effects of contamination and moistening of the ballast layer. As a result of the research, methods for calculating transient resistance have been developed, taking into account various factors, and graphs of resistance dependence on key system parameters have been constructed. The practical significance of the work lies in the possibility of applying the results obtained to predict the electrical characteristics of railway tracks, optimize their operation and increase electrical safety. The developed technique makes it possible to take into account the key factors affecting the transient resistance: the condition of the crushed stone surface, volume and surface conductivity, and mechanical stress in the contact zone. This makes it possible to more accurately assess the electrical characteristics of a railway track and make informed decisions on its maintenance and repair. The study showed that surface conductivity (due to contamination and water film) often has a more significant effect on the overall resistance of the system than the bulk conductivity of the material.