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In this article, the authors have studied the electromagnetic processes of an inverter based on thyristors and IGBT transistors of an AC electric train in the regenerative braking mode. To accomplish this task, a method was used to compose instantaneous replacement schemes and systems of differential equations corresponding to a certain time interval of the rectified voltage diagram and the currents of the inverter arms. On the basis of the study were given the disadvantages of thyristor inverter and the advantages of transistor.