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The article studies comparing the effectiveness of using thermoradiation and convective drying methods insulation windings of electrical machines of traction rolling stock, impregnated with various modern varnishes and compounds at their factory and depot repair. Objective factors in the comparison methods are parameters such as temperature class, electric strength and cementing capacity. The author substantiates advantage thermoradiation method over convective.

The article is devoted to continue presenting the results of experimental studies on the identifi-cation of rational modes of IR energy supply in encapsulation technology insulation windings of electric machines (EM) of traction rolling stock (TPS). In this paper, published the results of com-paring the effectiveness of the use of various oscillatory modes of infrared (IR) energy supply in the process of winding insulation encapsulation the frontal parts armature winding of the traction mo-tor type NB-514B electric locomotives series "Ermak" on the process plant at their depot and fac-tory repair. In studies to identify rational oscillating modes IR energy supply option duty cycle remained unchanged for the existing design of the generator of heat radiation technological installation, and changed only option cyclical, characterized by changing the speed of rotation of the armature trac-tion motor on the plant corresponding to 5, 25 and 50 Hz when the drive installation works from the frequency converter. The process of encapsulation was carried out first only short-wavelength radiation generated incoherent halogen emitters, then only at medium-wavelength radiation generated pulse ceramic radiators, and finally - with alternating heating medium short- and medium-wavelength radiation, i.e. with these two types of emitters in the spectral-oscillating mode IR energy, on which is currently obtained patent for the invention. For comparability of experimental studies same dose irradiation of segments frontal part of the armature windings of the traction motor type NB-514B electric lo-comotives «Ermak». Objective factors when comparing encapsulation modes to identify the most efficient are pa-rameters such as dielectric strength (the value of the breakdown voltage insulating tape) and ce-menting capacity.

The subject of the research is the problem of "hot core" occurrence during intensive cooling of railway rails, which is critically important when preparing rails for fastening in the summer period. The aim of the work is to scientifically substantiate and propose methods for minimizing this phenomenon to ensure a uniform temperature field across the rail section. The research methodology includes an analysis of the influence of the limited thermal conductivity of steel on the formation of a temperature gradient and its negative impact on rail geometry, internal stresses, and fastening accuracy. The work proposes and substantiates methods for reducing the "hot core" effect, including cooling mode management (cascaded and phased intensity reduction), expanding active heat dissipation zones through multi-sided cooling, and applying comprehensive numerical modeling. The research results show that cascaded cooling with pauses effectively redistributes heat from the core to the surface, significantly reducing temperature gradients across the rail section, which is confirmed by numerical simulation results. Phased cooling intensity reduction prevents excessive gradients in later stages. Comprehensive numerical modeling allows not only to predict deformations and stresses but also to visualize optimal temperature fields, optimizing cooling parameters to achieve a uniform fastening temperature. The proposed methods ensure the stability and durability of continuous welded tracks. Effective external heat exchange management is key to solving the "hot core" problem. The implementation of the proposed strategies minimizes temperature gradients, reduces the risk of internal defects, and improves the accuracy of rail fastening, which directly affects their operational strength and safety.