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The paper is devoted to the consideration of the centralised architecture of control and train safety systems using digital radio data transmission channel, centralised architecture based on the application of cloud technologies and decentralised architecture. A complete ideal centralised architecture uses the principle of placing all the algorithms of the control and safety system on a central server. In a centralised architecture, the server has a database of the line with information on all its parameters, including control objects, permanent speed limits, objects in transit: complexes of technical means of control over the condition of rolling stock, control and dimensional devices, automatic crossing signalling and others. The architecture using cloud technologies also has a single database, but all data collection, analysis, data processing and train traffic control functions are concentrated on a central server platform located in specialised railway data processing centres and in a single dispatch centre, which can be geographically dispersed and interconnected by a single data transmission network. The article considers a decentralised architecture, which assumes the absence of any logical functions ensuring traffic safety on the side of fixed infrastructure devices. The purpose of this article is to develop architectures and justify the feasibility of their application. Technical solutions developed by different companies differ in implementation algorithms, applied interfaces, structural and architectural solutions and local operating conditions, which is a great inconvenience for operating personnel, as well as for making changes to the hardware and software part of the systems when changing track development and infrastructure elements. The practical significance of the article lies in the justification of the expediency of bringing to a unified architecture and a unified data format and unified interfaces of the train traffic safety system components.

The article discusses the operation of systems for interval regulation of train traffic based on a digital radio channel in the absence of radio communication. The aim of the study is to determine the maximum allowable time for the absence of radio communication between the radio blocking center and a moving train in the interval control system. Criteria are proposed that allow assessing traffic safety, as well as reducing the throughput of train traffic in interval control of train traffic systems. The results of calculating the maximum permissible time of radio communication absence in interval control of train traffic systems for freight trains are obtained. Taking into account the maximum allowable time for the absence of radio communication will completely eliminate the likelihood of a dangerous convergence of trains and ensure compliance with the allowable speed mode with a minimum interval of freight trains.