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The article considers the problem of inconsistency between investment in reconstruction measures and new projects for the development of railway stations. Direct elimination of infrastructural errors requires serious material costs. The authors propose a way to reduce the negative consequences of structural imbalances in station design by means of simulation modeling. The simulation model most correctly displays the structure and harmoniously superimposes the technology of station operation, as well as takes into account the interaction of random technological processes and dispatch control. This is a promising approach using domestic developments in this industry. Since the cost of transportation infrastructure is extremely high, there are increased requirements for calculation and planning methods. The article describes the importance of using simulation models in the design of transportation objects. Examples of experiments on the model are given, proving the correctness of the calculation results. An important point is the automation of the process of building a simulation model, thanks to which random errors and inaccuracies leading to incorrect financial costs are excluded.

A new approach to modeling the operations of railway stations and junctions using Petri nets is proposed. This method enables process analysis both analytically and through simulation, considering the topological features, operational technology of the station, and the structure of the transportation flow. The article provides a detailed examination of key properties of Petri nets, such as boundedness, liveness, and reachability, as well as methods for their analysis. These properties are applied to solve practical tasks, including resource optimization, increasing operational efficiency, and ensuring railway station safety. The proposed model identifies bottlenecks, forecasts potential operational difficulties, and develops measures to improve station performance. Various modifications of Petri nets, including timed, stochastic, and colored nets, are discussed. Each type offers distinct advantages for analyzing the temporal, probabilistic, and structural characteristics and parameters of station topology and transportation flow. The paper presents a model of the throat of a railway station’s reception yard for train passage, including its reachability tree of possible states. Analyzing the reachability tree identifies operational constraints and the sequences of events leading to these states. The model also predicts potential operational difficulties and shortages of maneuvering resources by applying an analytical method based on Petri net matrix analysis. This approach enables large systems, such as complex technical railway stations or junctions, to determine individual critical states that could lead to undesirable events without simulating all possible states.

Subject of research. The study focuses on the industrial transport system of a metallurgical enterprise, specifically on railway traffic management processes and the prospects for implementing microprocessor-based centralization (MPC) as a key element in modernizing railway automation and remote control systems. Objective. To assess the feasibility of deploying MPC at industrial stations of a metallurgical plant. Evaluate the need to replace the existing block route-relay centralization system for train traffic control. Explore modern control systems for railway automation and telemechanics. Identify non-transport benefits of such modernization measures. Methods. Field observations and inspections of the current state of railway automation and telemechanics systems across 19 railway stations of the plant, statistical and objective observations, analytical and deductive methods, comparative analysis of statistical data (traffic volumes, shunting operation intensity, number of failures), technical specifications comparison. Results. The study delivered: identification of ancillary positive effects in industrial transport operations management. Key findings include: a significant reduction in operational costs; confirmed decrease in failure rates at stations equipped with MPC; enhanced reliability due to built-in diagnostic capabilities. Area of application. The results are applicable for: planning modernization of railway automation at industrial railway stations; optimizing operational costs and improving transportation safety; developing methodologies to evaluate the economic efficiency of MPC implementation at enterprises with intensive railway traffic. Conclusions. The research demonstrates that MPC deployment enhances the reliability and resilience of industrial transport systems. This is particularly critical in conditions of increasing turbulence in transport flows and economic relations within the «production-transport-consumption» system.

One of the priority areas of economic development of the Far East Region is focused on the communications with the countries of the Asia-Pacific Region. The region is crossed by the largest railways, such as Trans-Sib and Baikal-Amur, which have an access to the Far East seaports that promotes the growth of international trade operations and the increase of the transit traffic in the region. An expansion of transport and economic relations of our country in the Far East Region, the implementation of a considerable number of extractive industry programs ​​ within Baikal-Amur Region, the development of the sea ports of the Far East Region will cause the growth of the workload on the rail infrastructure that is impossible without its development and modernization. An important role in the transport process belongs to the technical stations, which handle all transit trains traffic. Therefore, at the current state, the consideration of the aspects of choosing the rational variants of railway transit nodes’ development with allowance for the environmental factors is timely.