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A method for remote diagnosis of suspended porcelain insulators based on the pulse method is proposed. The form of test pulses for diagnosing isolators in the area of the DC contact network is determined. The main diagnostic parameters of the supplied and recorded pulses are given and calculated. The possibility of determining the distance to the faulty garland depending on the amplitude value of the diagnostic pulse has been revealed. The change of the peak value of the pulse decay depending on the resistance of the insulator string is considered. The proposed method allows localizing the position of a faulty insulator string at the DC power supply section, and subsequently reliably determining the faulty insulator in the festoon.

The issue of optimizing the use of lubricants to reduce the in-intensity wear of the wheels of traction rolling stock is considered in the work. The purpose of the work and the test objects are defined. The types of tests, their procedure, short description of tests, and compliance with the technical assignment and technical requirements are presented. Design work was carried out on the development of solid antifriction elements for lubricating the ridges of locomotive wheel pairs (hereinafter referred to as TAEL rods). Bench tests were carried out on a universal friction machine 2168 UMT «Unitrib», which models the contact interaction of the wheel with the rail when applying solid lubricant to the wheel ridge. The linear wear rate of the lubricating element and the friction moment were determined. Explutation tests were carried out on the basis of traction rolling stock of the series VL80, 2TE25KM, ChME3. Such indicators as average intensity of development of cores of TAEL and lubricant cores and average intensity of wear of crests of wheels were defined. The results of laboratory bench-out and operational tests of TAEL rods were obtained in accordance with the order of admission of lubricating materials for wheel-rail contact for use in locomotive combs operated on the railways of the Russian Federation. Operational tests of traction rolling stock were carried out at the landfills of the North Caucasus, South-Eastern and Volga Railways. During the performance test period, the following indicators were monitored: assessment of the impact of TAEL on the wear of co-forest steam ridges, assessment of the actual resource of TAEL production, assessment of the functional capabilities of TAEL rods. According to the test results, the developed TAEL rods received permission to use Russian Railways for the infrastructure. At the same time, the wear rate of the ridges of the wheel pairs of locomotives equipped with TAEL in comparison with the standard rods decreased to 50 %.

In this article, the currently existing methods for determining such a technical parameter as the sliding friction coefficient were considered. The coefficient of friction is one of the main parameters characterizing the operation of tribological pairs of any engineering system. Stable and efficient operation of tribological pairs in such systems, along with high strength and fatigue characteristics, are not only the basis of safety, but also a promising direction in terms of economic benefits in the design and operation of various devices and systems. Accordingly, this area of research is very relevant for the railway industry, and for railway rolling stock in particular. This is caused by a large number of friction pairs in different nodes of passenger and freight cars, locomotives, ensuring safe and uninterrupted movement of rolling stock as a whole on iron drogs. Tribological processes are important both directly during movement and during braking processes. In this matter, the factor of determining and analyzing the sliding friction coefficient comes to the fore. One of these friction pairs is the «pad-wheel» system, which is the executive body of the braking system of a railway train. Optimization of contact in this system is one of the determining factors for the growth of braking efficiency during braking, increasing the working life of the elements of the friction pair, reducing the likelihood of defects. The search for new approaches to the study of friction issues is a direct catalyst for scientific and technological progress in the engineering industry.

The analysis of the development of the wheels increased hardness on the example of certain manufacturers, and changing regulatory and technical documentation for production (GOST). A mathematical analysis of the comparison operation wheelsets normal hardness of the wheel pairs of high hardness, based on the receipt of freight wagons from production to unscheduled maintenance. For comparison methods were used: Cramer - Welch and Laplace function. The estimation of av-erage mileage of cars on different types of wheel sets of freight cars and production technology. Developed the basic advantages of high hardness wheelsets.