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The aim of the work is to study and evaluate the energy efficiency of regenerative braking of an electric locomotive when a freight train is moving at an unsteady and steady speed, to determine the degree of influence on the return of electricity of various factors, first of all, the mass of the train, the speed of movement, resistance to movement, the steepness of the slope of the track profile, driving conditions, the efficiency of traction motors and the needs of an electric locomotive own needs. Also, the purpose of the study is to develop recommendations for improving the energy efficiency of regenerative braking of an electric freight locomotive. Methods used: mathematical analysis, methods of traction calculations and energy balance. The equations of the energy balance of the movement of a freight train and its components in the mode of regenerative braking are considered, which make it possible to identify the main factors affecting the return of electricity at unsteady and steady speed. The calculated dependences of the return of electricity during regenerative braking of an electric locomotive with loaded and empty freight trains consisting of 71 four-axle cars, when moving with reduced speed and constant speed on sections of track with slopes of different steepness, characterizing the influence of individual factors on the return of electricity during regenerative braking of an electric locomotive, are obtained. It is shown that the specific return of electricity during regenerative braking of an electric locomotive with a loaded freight train weighing 7100 tons when moving with a decrease in speed on a track section with a zero profile is approximately the same as with a steady speed of movement on descents with a steepness of 6 ...7 ‰. The specific return of electricity during regenerative braking of an electric locomotive with an empty freight train weighing 1775 tons when moving with a decrease in speed on a track section with a zero profile is approximately the same as with a steady speed on descents with a steepness of 11 ‰ or more. The conditions under which the maximum return of electricity is achieved during regenerative braking of electric freight locomotives are determined. Recommendations have been developed to improve the energy efficiency of regenerative braking of electric freight locomotives.

The article sets out the methodology of the study of a rigid mathematical model describing locomotive wheel and rail interaction, taking into account the hypothesis f. Carter. On the basis of the application of the theorem N.A. Tikhonova derived the differential equation for determining the rate of slippage of wheel pair on Rails. Determine the time dependence for the establishment of a process of kinematic slippage of wheel pair on Rails from the wheel speeds and locomotive, from inertial characteristics of trains and the wheel, as well as the coefficient of creep, annexed to the torque of wheel pair and the State of the surfaces of the Rails.

The article discusses the question of the innovation freight cars implementation in the context of their influence on forming and optimization of the locomotive park efficiency use indicators. Presents the main criteria of the innovation freight cars providing significant technical and economic effect for the traction rolling stock. Allocated the key factors influencing forming the criterion change functions of the cargo locomotives indicators of use efficiency. On the basis of the structured influence factors analysis can be developed the applied strategies of the locomotive park operational efficiency use.

This article is about technical and economic indicators of the operation of freight locomotives at the ranges of Russian Railways. The most attention is paid to such indicators as train mass, fuel consumption, technical and district speed. There is an analysis of technical and economic indicators during the period from 2010 till 2019. Based on the analysis of technical and economic indicators in the real mode of operation of freight diesel locomotives it's presented calculation of dimensionless train mass coefficients, fuel efficient use, district and technical speeds. The presented calculation fully characterizes as well using degree of technical and economic characteristics of diesel locomotives in of power and time as the effectiveness of system organization in their operation. To know the operating modes of diesel-generator sets of diesel locomotives in train work is source material for the analysis of technical characteristics of locomotive power equipment and making recommendations on their optimization in relation to operating conditions