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In the article the possibilities of improving the adjustment properties and technical characteristics of electric rolling stock with collector traction motors are considered. Semiconductor devices can improve the smoothness of the traction motors start-up due to a more even voltage increase, smooth regulation of the field current in the traction and braking modes. Variants of simplified power circuits of eight-axis direct current electric locomotives with a minimum number of switching electrical devices have been developed, allowing to reduce weight and size of the equipment, increase the reliability of power circuits operations. Circuit solutions for protecting the wheelset of an electric locomotive from boxing and skidding by enhancing the traction motors field are considered. The role of semiconductor converters in the improvement of rolling stock with a combined and dual power is noted. The ways to improve the efficiency of electric braking by collector traction motors are listed. The necessity of using adaptive microprocessor control systems for semiconductor converters for expanding their functional capabilities and realizing optimal parameters of direct current rolling stock is noted.

The subject of consideration of this article is the traction electric motor of a diesel locomotive. Traction electric motor (TED) is the main element of power transmission, therefore, the reliability of the locomotive as a whole depends on its reliability. The main causes of failures of traction motors in operation are considered. Based on the analysis of statistical data, it can be argued that the most damaged part of the traction motor is its armature. In the context of the introduction of new classes of insulation heat resistance by the new standard - GOST 2582-2013 - ensuring the reliability of the anchor is especially important. The causes of the most common failures of TED in operation have been established: violation of the integrity of the insulation of the winding by the sharp edges of the extreme sheets of the anchor core iron package when laying the winding in the grooves of the core, vibration of the extreme sheets of the anchor core iron package when exposed to electromagnetic forces with a frequency multiple of the number of poles of the electric motor, imperfection of the fastening system of the frontal parts of the armature winding, mismatch of the coefficients of temperature linear elongations copper windings, insulating materials and steel core of the armature. The result of the analysis of the design of serial TED were proposals to improve the design of the nodes most prone to failures. To eliminate breaks in the insulation of anchors in operation, a new design of pressure washers and an improved technology for impregnating anchors of commercially produced traction electric motors of locomotives are proposed. The proposed design solutions can be used both when creating new TED designs for promising locomotives and when upgrading serial designs. Thus, the application of the proposed design and technological solutions will increase the reliability of the diesel locomotives.