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In January 2022, a line of 2,000 cars formed at the Russian-Chinese border, waiting to be allowed to cross the state border [1]. The main reasons for the accumulation of a large number of vehicles at border checkpoints are restrictions on the movement of vehicles and cargo due to the difficult epidemiological situation, the lack of operational information interaction between transport organizations and regulatory authorities, insufficient capacity of the transport and terminal and logistics infrastructure. Consignors are switching to sending containers by rail, including the issue of piggyback transportation. In recent years, Russian Railways Holding has been actively developing a logistics service for the transportation of semi-trailers by rail, including in international traffic. Transportation of goods in piggybackers from the border provinces of the People's Republic of China towards the northeastern regions of Russia, where the transport infrastructure is poorly developed, difficult climatic conditions and irregular transport links, is an effective way to deliver goods to ensure an uninterrupted supply of the population of the region. As part of the strategy of the new Silk Road «One Belt - One Road» one can organize piggyback routes in the direction of Suifenhe - Grodekovo - Nizhny Bestyakh with the formation of the necessary cross-border terminal, logistics and transport infrastructure. The subject of this study is the analysis of the infrastructure of the Pogranichny railway checkpoint and the technological processes for organizing international piggyback transportation. The aim of the work is to develop a project for the infrastructure equipment of the terminal and logistics complex of the Pogranichny railway checkpoint for the organization of piggyback transportation. This paper uses theoretical research methods, including system analysis and information synthesis. By analyzing quantitative and qualitative indicators, operating technology and technical equipment of the Grodekovo station, the objects of the terminal and logistics infrastructure and issues that need to be addressed in the implementation of piggyback transportation were identified. The article presents the transport and technological schemes for the delivery of piggybackers, which are based on the functioning of terminal and logistics complexes, united by a single information space, and also considers the elements that affect the efficiency of organizing piggyback transportation. Transport industry experts predict a further increase in the volume of passage and transshipment of goods through the Far Eastern transport corridors, so the use of non-reloading transportation technologies and the implementation of the principles of «seamless» logistics will require reformatting the border terminal and logistics infrastructure with the introduction of digital services for the interaction of participants in international transportation.

The article deals with the organization of operation when using cryogenic technologies for gas locomotives and isothermal cars (IV). The structure of transportation of perishable goods (SPG) by types of rolling stock and types of cargo and the peculiarities of transportation of frozen fish from the Far East to the central regions of the country is presented. On the example of their consideration, a new structure of the type of isothermal rolling stock (IPS) is proposed, including various types of single isothermal cars, large-capacity refrigerated containers and swap bodies. It is proposed to use the block-modular principle of forming energy refrigeration equipment for promising autonomous refrigerated cars (ARC). A review of promising ARC models developed by UralVagonZavod and Altayvagon, ready for serial production, has been carried out. The factors that should be taken into account when creating an innovative isothermal rolling stock are formulated. Variants of using cryogenic technologies for an autonomous refrigerator car and single insulated cars are considered. Based on the results of previously conducted operational tests of autonomous liquid nitrogen cars, the main their advantages and possible areas of use are given. The technology and technical solutions for improving the design of the cooling system of the cargo space for thermos cars cooled with liquid nitrogen have been substantiated. The calculated characteristics of the consumption of liquid nitrogen during the transportation of frozen goods are presented. The advantages of using environmentally friendly liquid nitrogen cooling systems are analyzed and the areas of using cryogenic technologies for isothermal rolling stock are formalized. Uncertainty and spontaneity of the perishable goods transportation market, along with the absence of a large customer, poses a difficult task for car builders to organize serial production of isothermal rolling stock with small production volumes and various technical characteristics. Therefore, when creating isothermal and refrigerator cars, it is advisable to focus on a single universal car kit based on an isothermal body with the possibility of transforming it by using various options for energy refrigeration equipment and chassis.

A method to an assessment of influence on the expenditure of electrical energy for traction of trains, parameters of graphic time-table in the conditions of using the regenerative braking is being considered in the article. The retrieval of version with the minimal using of energy is based on the modeling of graphic time-table by different train-to-train intervals in the conditions of burst-mode access’ organization on the railway section. By results of modeling it is proposed to represent the derived dependence by changing of electrical energy’s expenditure on parameters of graphic time-table in the form of analytic function of several variables n-order forthe following using by normative plotting of movement for the purpose of curtailing electrical energy’s expenditure for traction on the trains.

The article deals with the organizational features of the Federal law of the Russian Federation on "transportation security compliance requirements to ensure transport security objects (buildings, structures), not related to transport infrastructure objects and located on land adjacent to transport infrastructure objects in the security zones of land transport. Systematized the activities required for the implementation of such transport facilities. In the work used techniques of systems analysis, comparative method, methods of theoretical knowledge (formalisation), obshhelogicheskie methods and techniques of research (analysis, synthesis, classification, the analogy).

The article considers the peculiarities of the transport network ports on the Baltic sea, the problems of optimization is to increase cargo turnover and the challenges associated with the modernization of the transport complex of Russia

The purpose of the work is to analyze and assess the structure of economic development and the impact of the «economic space» on railway transport in Uzbekistan, to consider the use of container block train technology. Scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, classification, mathematical statistics, economic analysis, mathematical technical modeling are used. The following results were obtained. The dynamics of the development of cargo transportation in Uzbekistan is assessed on the basis of GDP data. The volume of provided transportation and the use of modes of transport by the volume of shipped products is considered. Of these, the number of goods shipped in Uzbekistan from railway transport, the dynamics of the volume of transportation of certain types of cargo in containers. According to the dynamics of the growth of cargo transportation, a decrease in growth was revealed in 2020 and associated with the pandemic, but in general there are steady growth rates. It is concluded that along with the ongoing work on the renovation and reconstruction of railway tracks, it is necessary to take measures to optimize the entire chain of cargo transportation by containerization, so the use of block train technology. The practical significance of the results of the study follows from the fact that the analysis of the development of transport infrastructure revealed a sharp decline in the results of transport at the end of 2019 - 2020 due to the pandemic, but at the same time, there is a reduction in the «economic space» by improving transport infrastructure, simplifying transit and customs clearance procedures, increasing transit volumes and regional trade, therefore, the logistics transportation market in the republic will grow at an accelerated pace in the coming years. Mass use of containers with the use of block train technology, so. the collection of containers from the port rear terminals, where the formation of batches of containers takes place, and their accumulation in the volumes required by the buyer for transportation by rail can also be a solution to the identified problems.

The article deals with the issues of improving the model of interaction with customers through the introduction of digitalization projects in the sphere of freight rail transport, describes the changes in the main functions of the company's divisions and technological aspects. The technological and economic effects of the development and implementation of freight transport digitalization projects on the example of improving the digital platform of interaction with customers are determined. The model of CRM-system implementation of transport services digitalization is worked out, investments on its development and implementation are defined. The main categories of risks with the greatest direct impact on the effectiveness of the new model implementation of interaction with customers are considered. The digital platform of interaction with the client allows to carry out the order of freight transportation service by rail without any additional financial and technological expenses connected with obtaining the qualified electronic signature, to simplify the organization of contractual work to obtain services and payments for them.

The article deals measures to improve the efficiency of using empty cars on the example of the East Siberian railway. The problem of the mechanism for managing cargo and empty runs has been identified. It is necessary to create the system for managing empty rolling stock. The authors consider the technology of working with the company's empty car fleet and the logistics of rolling stock through the Taishet station of the East Siberian railway. The relevance of the goal is the insufficiently developed transport and logistics infrastructure of the region located at the intersection of large transport flows, high costs of logistics operators for the empty tariff. Taking into account the prospects for the development of the station's transport and logistics infrastructure in accordance with the long-term development program of Russian Railways, there are opportunities to increase the range of types of rolling stock and cargo, including container ones. This technology, with timely provision of empty rolling stock for stations, will significantly increase the level of loading and unloading and routing of incoming empty cars. The practical significance of the considered measures is the possibility of reducing the load of some stations, reducing empty flights of rolling stock, increasing the profitability of transportation and the efficiency of using rolling stock by reducing its turnover. In General, for the network, the results will increase the capacity and transit volumes of container traffic from China to the Russian Federation, and stimulate the development of the transport business.

One of the priority areas of economic development of the Far East Region is focused on the communications with the countries of the Asia-Pacific Region. The region is crossed by the largest railways, such as Trans-Sib and Baikal-Amur, which have an access to the Far East seaports that promotes the growth of international trade operations and the increase of the transit traffic in the region. An expansion of transport and economic relations of our country in the Far East Region, the implementation of a considerable number of extractive industry programs ​​ within Baikal-Amur Region, the development of the sea ports of the Far East Region will cause the growth of the workload on the rail infrastructure that is impossible without its development and modernization. An important role in the transport process belongs to the technical stations, which handle all transit trains traffic. Therefore, at the current state, the consideration of the aspects of choosing the rational variants of railway transit nodes’ development with allowance for the environmental factors is timely.

In the course of scientific support of design, construction and operation, as well as forecasting the development of transport infrastructure in the Arctic region, RUT (MIIT) scientists have proposed a methodology for working out new design and technological solutions by testing them on a small section of the route that has received the status of experimental; a number of solutions have been proposed that can be taken into account and used during the development of transport infrastructure in the Arctic. To verify the university's developments, a number of expeditions were undertaken to study the features of the conditions of construction of transport facilities, including climatic and engineering-geological, as well as the condition of existing transport facilities (the Salekhard - Igarka Polar Highway): survey expeditions in 2005, 2012; joint expeditions with the Russian Geographical Society with the participation of scientists from the Institute of Roads, Construction and Structures of the Russian Institute of Transport (MIIT) in the Arctic region in 2019 - 2021, during which a geomonitoring network was organized; data on temperatures in the air, near-surface zones and in the ground environment were obtained; the analysis of the ground environment was carried out; recommendations were given on the specifics of the construction of transport facilities, including the construction of the roadbed, using different variants of technical and structural and technological solutions. The purpose of the article is to generalize the experience of the development of the northern territories through the development of transport communications and the testing of new structural and technological solutions for the construction of the roadbed by means of a local section of the highway in the status of a pilot site. The approach presented in this article can be used to form a methodology for solving the problem of creating an effective High-latitude Russian transport system in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation with forecasting trends in its development.

The article deals with the issues of analysis and risk assessment of the operation of the logistics infrastructure of Russian Railways. The relevance of the article is determined by the practical orientation and significance of the issue relevant to the operation of the facilities of JSC “Russian Railways”. The aim of the article is to develop a risk assessment algorithm based on the statistics available to JSCo Russian Railways. The subject of research is the risks arising during operation. The object is the logistics infrastructure of Russian Railways. An analysis approach is considered and a risk analysis algorithm is proposed taking into account the specifics of the operation of logistics facilities using statistical and expert assessments.

In the context of the sanctions policy of Western countries the main economic partners of Russia and consumers of commodity flows are the countries of the Asia-Pacific region (APR). According to the results of 8 months of 2022, the trade turnover between the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China (PRC), according to the General Customs Administration of the People's Republic of China, increased by 31,4 % and amounted to $ 117,2 billion [1]. The People's Republic of China borders on the southern regions of the Russian Far East - the Amur Region, the EAO, the Primorsky, Zabaikalsky and Khabarovsk Territories. There are 9 border checkpoints located in the Khabarovsk Territory: air, river, mixed, automobile, sea, which makes it possible to form new multimodal transport routes for the delivery of foreign trade goods. The purpose of the work is to consider alternative options for multimodal transportation of foreign trade cargo flows through the transport network of the Khabarovsk Territory and transshipment points of the Amur Basin. The objectives of this study are: analysis of the volume of foreign trade turnover between Russia and China, development of technological schemes for the transportation of containers in the direction of «river ports of China - Khabarovsk River Port (RF) - land transport - western regions», consideration of promising routes for the transportation of foreign trade goods through cargo and passenger checkpoints «Pokrovka - Zhaohe» and Bolshoy Ussuriysky Island of the Amur swimming pool. The subject of this study is the transport and logistics infrastructure of international multimodal routes of the Amur Basin. In this work, theoretical research methods are used, including system analysis and synthesis of information. The article examines the characteristics of the terminal and logistics infrastructure of the Amur Basin river ports, the dynamics of container transportation by river transport from the ports of China to the terminals of the Khabarovsk River Port, gives a feasibility study for the organization of a permanent customs control zone at the Khabarovsk II station, and also describes the advantages of using the Pokrovka - Zhaohe border checkpoint as an element of an alternative multimodal container transportation routes. In the final part of the work, a description of the simulation model of the operation of a mixed (automobile-river) checkpoint in the presence of customs and transit terminals for assessing the capacity of border checkpoints of the Far Eastern District is presented.