Search results

The article discusses the specifics of the locomotive reliability indicators use in the Russian Railways. Examples of locomotive reliability indicators and the indicators used in the Russian Railways in the conclusion of service contracts, including under the life cycle contract are given. A method of transition from national standard to Russian Railways has been proposed. It is concluded that these procedures can be automated.

The subject of the article is automated locomotive control functions on the example of electric locomotives in order to assess the current stage of development of the intellectual functionality of on-board control systems. The literature often talks about creating a «smart» or «digital» locomotive. However, it is more correct to talk about the introduction of cybernetic systems with feedback. Such systems were on the locomotive from the very beginning of their appearance and were designed to automate steam control, later to control automatic brakes. These automation systems were mechanical and pneumomechanical. With the advent of electric locomotives, electrical automation systems based on electrical devices, relay circuits are being introduced, which are eventually replaced by diode, transistor control circuits. Later, digital and analog chips were used. The current stage of automation development is associated with on-board microprocessor control systems. The author proposes to divide the intellectual functions of the locomotive into seven directions, for each of which to evaluate their implementation: train driving, drive and brake control, diagnostics, collection of emergency circuits, ensuring train safety, managing the comfort of the locomotive crew. The entropy of the space of intelligent functions is proposed to be estimated according to the modified Shannon formula, where, in addition to the probability of the function being in demand for one trip, the degree of automation of the control process is taken into account. As a result of the analysis, it is shown that the intellectual functions of the locomotive developed already in the 19th century, today the degree of their implementation can be estimated at 60 %, and full implementation can be expected by the middle of the 21st century. The calculation results are summarized in two tables and one dynamic graph. It is concluded that an "intelligent" locomotive is a stage in the evolutionary development of automated locomotive control systems.

The article proposes the use of Fuzzy Sets theory in decision-making support system of locomotive complex IT-control systems. For this purpose the method of translation linguistic assertions into the language of mathematical logic proposed, which will be introduced on a built-in quality in the IT-control system of monitoring of technical condition and modes of operation of locomotives service company «TMH-Service» and management company «Locomotive technologies».

Electricity consumption for traction depends on a number of operational parameters, including the use of power of electric rolling stock. Due to the fact that the Russian Railways are characterized by pronounced uneven sections of track, which, along with the hilly-mountain and mountain profile and has flat stretches long-haul locomotives when operating on different difficulty sections of the road have a different load and therefore operated with a different energy indicators. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the energy performance of the electric locomotives for driving passenger trains on flat terrain and the possible ways to increase their energy efficiency. To achieve this goal was the analysis of passenger electric locomotives EP2K on a flat site Novosibirsk-Omsk, West-Siberian railway, the mean values of the speeds and masses of passenger trains have been calculated for capacity, utilization factor, power rating and efficiency of electric locomotives. On the basis of the conducted research it was determined that the EP2K electric locomotives in the plains of the Railways a large extent operate in inefficient modes, due to their excess capacity, which is impossible to implement. In this regard, it was concluded that reserves of energy saving in those areas of Railways, where the operating conditions there is a clear underutilization of the capacity of the locomotives, a method of increasing the efficiency of their use through the use of a stepped power control and comparative evaluation of EP2K electric locomotives on all parts and traction motors.

As a result of work statistical data bank of hardware and software complex «Bort» was researched. Methodology for TEM2 locomotive deiesel-generator plant parameters indicating while running hours transformation in integrated time space is suggested.

Rational way to improve the operational efficiency of the locomotive is adjustable power.The implementation of this method possible with the use of automatic power regulation implementing the optimal load,the operation mode of the traction and energy unit (TEU) of the locomotive. The aim of this work is to obtain mathematical relationships,establishing the optimal ratio between the number of employees of TD given thrust and speed. Determination of the optimal ratio being in the traction motors is based on finding the minimum power losses at the nodes of the TEU. Search the minimum of complex functions is an optimization problem,which from a mathematical point of view is to determine the minimum of function of several variables with a number of constraints,and relationships. To solve the problem of finding the minimum of a complex function,we used the method of indeterminate Lagrange multipliers. The optimization process is considered at a constant value of the voltage supplied to the TD and sold power.Variables - the force of traction,speed of movement,the ratio of incremental losses,the resistance of the circuit of the armature of TD was assumed constant,which allowed to simplify the solution of the problem,reducing it to find three unknown quantities - current,the number of TD and magnetic flux. The solution to this system of equations for the number TD,participating in the work were obtained analytical dependences the optimum values of the TD depending on the speed,the thrust force on the rim of the driving wheels of the locomotive and tension. Analytical expressions for determining optimal parameters of power regulation of electric DC,allow to obtain the optimal values of the number of workers so and the load depending on the given values of thrust and speed in the entire range of load modes of EPS. The analytical expressions can be used when drawing up regime maps and energy performance certificates EPS,and also in the most important automatic devices of power control of the rolling stock to set the optimal ratio of number of employees and so on.

Principal directions for increase of locomotive operating efficiency are determined in the article based on statistical estimates as per data on the main domestic locomotive series. Work ratio is suggested as universal indicator. It is demonstrated that in addition to locomotives' reliability enhancement, increase of the trains' haulage management system efficiency is also a large reserve. It is proven that the number of locomotive units can be reduced at least by 2,000 thous. units.

Electricity consumption for traction depends on a number of operational parameters, including the use of power of electric rolling stock. On Russian Railways there are flat areas of great extent, which operated the locomotives inefficient use of power and work modes with low energy performance. The aim of this work is to examine ways to improve the energy efficiency of passenger locomotives, such as the operation of electric rolling stock with rational values of power and number of axes for the modern passenger transport on the flat sections of the road long-haul and assess their energy performance. To achieve this goal was determined by the rational value of the power required for driving trains on this stretch of track with maximum speeds of 160 km/h, the calculations of the asynchronous traction motors obtained traction and power characteristics of electric locomotives with asynchronous traction drive, and a proposed comparison methodology, allowing to evaluate the difference of power consumption for traction of electric locomotives with asynchronous traction drive (with rational values of power and number of axes) currently operating a DC electric locomotive EP2K. On the basis of the conducted research it was concluded that there are reserves for improvement of energy efficiency of passenger locomotives on the flat sections of the road long-haul, such as operation of electric rolling stock with rational values of power and number of axes corresponding to the train weight, speed and track profile, which will significantly reduce the cost of electricity for traction of trains.

The analysis of the influence of the organization of the formation of United freight trains on the throughput capacity of railway sections has been carried out. The results of electrical calculations of the 3.0 kV dc power supply system of 3 sections of the Sverdlovsk and South Ural railways are presented when controlling the speed of trains from 50 km / h to 100 km / h with various locomotives while passing two single and one connected cargo trains using the system of contactless automatic voltage regulation in the contact network, allowing to assess the throughput capacity of the three sections. In the course of the calculations, the developed refinement method was applied using the correction current factors KIxx and KIst. Proved the need for their use in electrical calculations.

In the article it is developed a model for the locomotives life cycle managing in their maintenance and repair using automated technical diagnostic systems. Based on statistical analysis of data on the operation of locomotives, the impact of the reliability of the locomotive and its maintenance and repair system on the efficiency of locomotives is theoretically justified. A method of analyzing the technical diagnostic systems effectiveness using the mathematical apparatus of information theory and of predicting the duration of maintenance and repair time with the dynamic use of accumulated statistics on the duration of previous repairs has been developed.

It is offered the technique for the assessment of the efficiency of the application of the mixed hydrocarbonic kinds of fuel in the power installations of diesel locomotives. The model calculations have been executed with a glance of the changing of the physicochemical and thermalphysic characteristics of the fuel mixtures and the service conditions of diesel locomotives.

In the practice of railway transport and the locomotive complex, the average statistical data used in practice are not homogeneous, which is usually called “average temperature in the hospital” in the literature. The homogeneity of data is determined by their unimodality, i.e. the presence of one process in the sample. Unsuccessful sampling leads to its bimodality and even multimodality. It is proposed to check for unimodality of the initial data using the consequence of the law of large numbers, according to which, with an increase in the number of data, homogeneous samples tend to one of the distribution laws of a random variable: normal, exponential, lognormal, or another known law. Therefore, any unimodal sample must meet the goodness-of-fit test, which the article proposes to use the Pearson test (“chi-square”, χ2). The unimodality of the data is proposed to be estimated through the probability of compliance with the law of distribution of a random variable chosen for consideration, considering the probability of more than 0.3 (30%) to be sufficient. On the example of locomotive operation data and on-board microprocessor systems data, data are shown that cannot really be unimodal, but there is data that requires changing the sampling rules to achieve unimodality. For example, when considering the average daily runs of locomotives by series at specific home depots with participation in one type of traffic (main traffic, shunting or switching work), unimodality is achieved. An attempt to enlarge the data (take several series, several polygons, etc.) leads to the loss of unimodality. The article considers the unimodality of these on-board microprocessor control systems MSU-TP for diesel locomotives of the 2TE116U series. The expected operating time for the positions of the driver's controller turned out to be multimodal data. Unexpectedly, the current of the traction motors turned out to be unimodal, regardless of the driving position of the driver's controller.

With the advent of new series of locomotives, the development of heavy freight trains, the increasing speeds of passenger trains, the introduction of innovative technical means and technologies, the degree of influence of various indicators on energy consumption is redistributed. The aim of the article is to develop a methodology for monitoring the efficiency of locomotives when changing the set of operational factors. This will make it possible to more accurately determine the estimated change in specific energy consumption, which in turn will increase the objectivity of the assessment of the causes of changes in the energy intensity of transport and will help to reduce energy losses.

The problems of optimization of organization of maintenance and repair of locomotives. The article presents new approaches for calculating the norms of spare parts and materials. Models of vehicle systems consisting of a fleet of operated locomotives are given, taking into account all conditions.

The article deals with the issue of improving the energy efficiency of DC and AC electric locomotives operated at the enterprises of JSC “Russian Railways». The main goals and objectives of the development program and energy strategy of JSC «Russian Railways» are analyzed and briefly considered. In accordance with these tasks, the relevance of scientific research in the field of improving the energy efficiency of electric locomotives is substantiated. The current data on traction rolling stock, on modern traction resource management systems and on Russian and foreign scientific research in the field of energy efficiency are analyzed. As a result of the analysis, it was found that most of the studies are aimed at studying the influence of key operational factors on energy efficiency indicators, so, in this case, on the specific power consumption for train traction. However, the reverse question has been poorly studied - the selection of the train mass and the technical speed on the basis of a preliminary assessment of the specific power consumption for train traction by analyzing the statistical data of trips on a certain section of the railway. The purpose of this study is to assess the possibility and develop a method for determining the optimal values of the key parameters of the operation of electric freight locomotives in order to achieve maximum operational efficiency in relation to them according to the criterion of energy efficiency. Two models were created in the program «Complex of calculations of traction power supply» (CORTES) - for DC and AC electric locomotives, describing the dependence of the energy efficiency indicator (specific power consumption for train traction) on operational indicators, such as the train mass and the technical speed. The initial data for further modeling were obtained by modeling trips on a conditional site.

The article contains the main provisions of the methodology for determining the indicators of electric locomotives energy efficiency. The results of indicators calculations for electric locomotives of series 3ES5K, EP2K and 2ES6 are presented with reference to the current sections of railways. The proposed approach can be used to establish the level of energy efficiency of various series of electric rolling stock and their objective comparison when operating at different sites with trains of various masses with the aim of further creating an automated system for optimizing the use of traction resources of JSCo Russian Railways.

The article provides a brief theoretical analysis of railway vehicle with nonlinear elastic elements. Considered distinctive features of spring suspension electric locomotives of the old and the new generations. On the basis of differences of a calculation scheme and derived a mathematical model of vertical dynamics of conditional «uniaxial» electric locomotive of new generation allows to estimate the critical speed train crew and indicators of its dynamic qualities.

The paper discusses the design enterprises for repair in dvizhnogo of railway vehicles, analyzes contemporary experience, are reproduced the main criteria for assessing the quality of design solutions and provides a methodology to optimize them with the use of mathematical modeling.

Improving the efficiency of the main activities of JSC «Russian Railways» is currently a relevant and significant issue. According to the provisions of the company main strategic documents, the key performance indicators for the locomotives are to be improved by 2025 and continue so until 2035. The paper deals with the analysis of problems and proposals for improving the management of electric locomotives that carry most of goods on the railways of the Russian Federation. The paper analyzes the possibilities to improve the main operational indicators of locomotive complex by increasing the efficiency of the organization of electric locomotives operation. One of the key performance indicators of the locomotive complex is the average daily performance of electric locomotives. To improve this indicator, it is necessary to increase the amount of work per unit of electric traction rolling stock. The given paper proposes two ways to achieve this. Firstly, it is the qualitative improvement of advantageous locomotives, increasing their traction properties; secondly, the improvement of the technology used to manage traction systems. The paper shows that in order to achieve the company targets, JSC «Russian Railways» has to necessarily implement the second solution, namely, introduce and improve the polygon technologies for managing traction resources and switch to extended railroad hauls of electric locomotives. The paper presents the main requirements and conditions for implementing these technical solutions.

The article deals with the locomotive lifecycle problem at vehicle technical maintenance and repairing service. It proposes to encapsulate the statistic methods into the automatic locomotive depot control system basing on the example of management with the minimum stock spare parts level. In such a group of companies as "Locomotive technologies" the efficacy of maintenance and repairing technological processes is improved by creation and implementation of the information management control system "Network diagram" into the locomotive depot service. Its implementation was started in 2016 and should be completed by the end of 2017. In practice methodological approaches of international (ISO) and national (GOST) standards of management quality and reliability, lean manufacturing and statistic methods of management in conditions of locomotive depot service are proposed to be used basing on the principle of "Built-in quality". In this case logical constructions, algorithms and formulas are encapsulated into “Network diagram” software significantly reducing the training level demands of the depot personnel. The article also proposes to control the minimum level of stock spare parts in the locomotive depot in terms of “Network diagram” software through encapsulation of probabilistic-statistical methods of minimum stock calculation according to the data on intensity of parts consumption and the time of their delivery to the depot.