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The subject of the research is the power thyristor converter of AC electric locomotives and its influence on the power factor of the locomotive. A new method for increasing the power factor of AC electric locomotives with thyristors power converters is proposed and analyzed. These electric locomotives include locomotives of the 2ES5K, VL85, EP1 series, etc. At the initial of the paper, the existing methods of increasing the power factor are briefly considered and their disadvantage in comparison with the proposed method is indicated. The drawback of existing converters is also analyzed, which consists in the presence of a thyristor opening delay at the beginning of the supply voltage half-cycle. The proposed method implies the modernization of the control circuits of the thyristors of the converter, due to which, at the beginning of the half-period, a control current is spontaneously created on the control electrode by means of the supply voltage. As a result, the thyristors open with a minimum delay after the start of the half-cycle. To verification the effectiveness of the proposed solutions, a computer simulation of the operation of the power circuit of an electric locomotive in the ORCAD program was carried out. Simulation was carried out for two options: a power circuit with standard converters and a power circuit with converters upgraded in accordance with the proposed method. During the simulation, the change in the value of the power factor of an electric locomotive was investigated at different currents of traction motors, zone and angle of regulation. Analysis of the oscillograms of converter various arms currents the revealed that when using the modernized converters, the moment of the end of the network switching occurs earlier than in the standard circuit. There is also no area with negative voltage at the output of the converter at the beginning of the half-cycle. At the end of the paper, the values of the electric locomotive power factor are given under various conditions. These results show that the use of the proposed method increases the power factor of an electric locomotive by an average of 1.2 percentage points.

The use of twelve-pulse rectifiers instead of six-pulse rectifiers leads to increased efficiency and efficiency of traction substations of the underground. On the basis of experimental research and analysis of circuit solutions, the conclusion is made about the advantage of a twelve-pulse rectifier circuit of a serial type over parallel-type circuits. The use of rectifiers with a parallel type circuit is possible only if there is an equalization reactor, without which technical and economic indicators are reduced. The introduction of the most rational twelve-pulse bridge rectifier schemes of the sequential type can be carried out by upgrading the installed equipment, or by industrial development by manufacturers of dry transformers with different typical power and rectifiers with tablet avalanche valves with coolers based on heat pipes.

The article is devoted to the research of the of wind load effect on the aerodynamic component to the movement of a freight train. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the impact of aerodynamic resistance on the consumption of fuel and energy resources (FER) on train traction. The article shows the high significance of this problem for Joint Stock Company Russian Railways (RZD JSC). The conclusions were drawn from the analysis of statistical data on the routes of locomotive drivers, working on the Pallasovka-Verkhniy Baskunchak section, which is undergone to wind loads. The SOLIDWORKS application was used to design a train with a locomotive and gondola cars coupled on an embankment, and SOLIDWORKS Flow Simulation plug-in was used to simulate wind load, different in speed, varying from 0 to 90º. The values of the force of aerodynamic resistance to movement for the train as a whole and for each unit of the rolling stock separately were obtained. Using the methods of the theory of train traction, the influence of aerodynamic drag on fuel consumption for traction has been assessed. Based on the obtained values of the aerodynamic drag forces and patterns of air flow distribution, conclusions were drawn about the effect of loading a gondola car on an increase in traffic resistance. Conclusions are drawn about the effect of wind load on each unit of rolling stock in the train. It was found that when the wind is directed at an angle to the axis of the path, the force of the wind effect increases, compared with the case when the angle between the axis of the path and the velocity vector is zero. The experimental data on the increase in resistance from the wind load are confirmed by theoretical calculation, as well as practical processing of routes machinists. This article demonstrates the need for a separate regulation of fuel and energy resources in the event of wind loads, and may be useful in further detailed study of the aerodynamic drag of freight trains.

The article discusses the issue of improving the efficiency of converting units of DC traction substations. An algorithm for calculating electricity losses in converting units is given by the system-fixed effective values of the phase voltage of the primary winding of the transformer and the load current of each converter unit. Using the example of a conventional traction substation, an assessment of the influence of the operation settings of the regime automation of converting units on the loss of electrical energy is given.

An analysis of the operation of electric locomotives on certain sections of railways shows that their power is used irrationally and electric locomotives are operated with low energy indicators, especially on long-distance flat stretches, which indicates that there are reserves for reducing the consumption of electric energy. The purpose of the work is to determine the optimal value of the rated power of electric locomotives by minimizing the electricity consumption on the site and to estimate the loss of electric energy from the non-optimal use of electric locomotives' power. To achieve this goal, an equation was drawn up for the dependence of the electric power consumption on the traction of an electric locomotive on the value of its rated power. To find the optimal value, this equation was differentiated by the value of the rated power of the electric locomotive and solved using the Cardano method. The expression allowed us to determine the minimum consumption of electric power is the rated power of the electric locomotive, depending on the required for a given traffic conditions and to evaluate the variation of energy consumption from non-optimal use of its structural capacity. The obtained equations allowed us to solve the problems of choosing the optimal value of the rated power of electric locomotives and evaluating the irrational consumption of electric energy from the non-optimal use of their power and can be used to determine the optimal parameters of electric locomotives. The conclusion is made about the importance of choosing the optimal power values of electric locomotives in order to obtain the highest technical and economic indicators during their operation.

The subject of the study is energy efficiency of traction power supply system and traction electric drive of electric locomotives. The article is scientifically based on the assessment of the energy efficiency of the mutually connected system of electric traction of trains. The study is aimed at solving problems on reduction of voltage losses in the contact system, active power in the contact system and traction electric drive of electric locomotives. This is possible due to the full and continuous use of the electrical potential of the power supply system. The research methodology is based on the law of energy preservation, mathematical modeling of the energy process and spectral analysis of voltage and current on the current collector of the electric locomotive. Analytically and by results of calculation it has been proved that significant losses of voltage, active power in the contact system, traction electric drive of electric locomotives are caused by unsatisfactory operation of power regulators and mismatch of voltage level in the contact power network, which is necessary for realization of heavy and high-speed driving of trains. In order to eliminate the negative effect of the inductive coupling of AC traction power supply on the energy efficiency and speed of trains, it is proposed to increase the voltage in the DC contact system and develop power regulators of electric locomotives. Mathematical model of DC electric traction system shows possibilities of reduction of electric energy losses and increase of movement speed due to application of electric semiconductor variator for matching of high voltage in contact system with voltage of traction electric motors of electric locomotive.

Currently operating on the network of Russian Railways passenger electric locomotives, while driving trains on different difficulty stages, not equally utilize the available capacity and work with different energy performance. The purpose of the work is to consider the energy efficiency of passenger electric locomotives when driving trains on certain sections of Railways and to determine ways to improve their energy performance. To achieve this goal, the work of passenger locomotives EP1 and EP2K on the sections of the mid-Siberian railway was analyzed, the average mass of passenger trains and their speed were determined, the values of the power realized by electric locomotives in operation were calculated, as well as the rational values of the power and mass of locomotives needed for driving passenger trains on the considered sections of the track, and a comparative assessment of the possible operation of electric locomotives with rational values of power and mass with the operated locomotives EP1 and EP2K. On the basis of the comparative analysis, the conclusion is made about the available reserves for increasing the energy indicators of passenger electric locomotives in certain sections of the Russian Railways, such as the operation of locomotives with rational values of power and mass required to provide modern passenger transportation, and the method of determining the energy efficiency of electric locomotives, which allows without calculating the traction and energy characteristics to estimate the cost of electricity for traction of trains.

In article examines the indicator of the energy efficiency of the locomotive as an indicator of the quality repair and use the power (energy efficiency) of the locomotive. This indicator is calculated for electric locomotives that have undergone current repair of MW-3 or repair of a similar volume, based on the predicted additional power losses in the limiting units and units of the locomotive, determined taking into account their technical parameters and characteristics obtained as a result of the repair. The application of the proposed indicator as an indicator the efficiency the use of electric locomotives will allow to influence the improvement of their technical condition through the management the quality of repairs and the use of power.

Electricity consumption for traction depends on a number of operational parameters, including the use of power of electric rolling stock. Due to the fact that the Russian Railways are characterized by pronounced uneven sections of track, which, along with the hilly-mountain and mountain profile and has flat stretches long-haul locomotives when operating on different difficulty sections of the road have a different load and therefore operated with a different energy indicators. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the energy performance of the electric locomotives for driving passenger trains on flat terrain and the possible ways to increase their energy efficiency. To achieve this goal was the analysis of passenger electric locomotives EP2K on a flat site Novosibirsk-Omsk, West-Siberian railway, the mean values of the speeds and masses of passenger trains have been calculated for capacity, utilization factor, power rating and efficiency of electric locomotives. On the basis of the conducted research it was determined that the EP2K electric locomotives in the plains of the Railways a large extent operate in inefficient modes, due to their excess capacity, which is impossible to implement. In this regard, it was concluded that reserves of energy saving in those areas of Railways, where the operating conditions there is a clear underutilization of the capacity of the locomotives, a method of increasing the efficiency of their use through the use of a stepped power control and comparative evaluation of EP2K electric locomotives on all parts and traction motors.

The paper considers a traction power supply system with a voltage of 27,5 kV AC. In the MATLAB-Simulink software environment, a calculation model has been developed that takes into account the parameters of the external power supply system, the train schedule and the current consumption of the electric traction load in the inter-substation zone. It is shown that when choosing the power of the compensating device according to the average value of the reactive power consumed by one train, its passage through the inter-substation zone with direct current causes the same average power losses in the wires of the catenary as in the absence of a compensating device. An increase in the number of trains simultaneously located in the inter-substation zone with the same power of the compensating device entails a decrease in power losses in the wires of the catenary relative to a similar situation without a compensating device, however, the reactive power is only partially compensated. In the calculations of compensating devices, it is proposed to take into account the real existing train schedule, based on the probabilistic assessment of which the average daily reactive power consumed by the electric rolling stock is determined. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the power losses in the catenary. The use of unregulated compensating devices is advisable in areas with a constantly present load. When choosing step devices for transverse capacitive compensation, it is proposed to calculate their power based on a probabilistic analysis of the train traffic schedule and current consumption in the inter-substation zone. When the probability of the appearance of a certain number of trains exceeding 50%, the most effective are compensating devices, the power of which is selected on the basis of the average power consumption of all trains without taking into account the time of no load in the inter-substation zone, as well as two-stage devices, the power of the first stage of which is selected according to the current consumption of the two most likely occurrences of the number of trains.

This article touches upon the energy efficiency of train traction at Russian Railways. The relevance of scientific research in this issue has been substantiated. Requirements for organizational and technical measures implemented to improve the energy efficiency of train traction are given. The groups of factors that actually affect energy efficiency indicators have been identified. The creation of an intelligent system for monitoring and planning energy efficiency of train traction is proposed. The goals and objectives of creating such a system are formulated. The main features and classes of intelligent systems in the context of their application for solving the problems indicated in the article are described. The functional diagram of the proposed system and its description are given.

Electricity consumption for traction depends on a number of operational parameters, including the use of power of electric rolling stock. On Russian Railways there are flat areas of great extent, which operated the locomotives inefficient use of power and work modes with low energy performance. The aim of this work is to examine ways to improve the energy efficiency of passenger locomotives, such as the operation of electric rolling stock with rational values of power and number of axes for the modern passenger transport on the flat sections of the road long-haul and assess their energy performance. To achieve this goal was determined by the rational value of the power required for driving trains on this stretch of track with maximum speeds of 160 km/h, the calculations of the asynchronous traction motors obtained traction and power characteristics of electric locomotives with asynchronous traction drive, and a proposed comparison methodology, allowing to evaluate the difference of power consumption for traction of electric locomotives with asynchronous traction drive (with rational values of power and number of axes) currently operating a DC electric locomotive EP2K. On the basis of the conducted research it was concluded that there are reserves for improvement of energy efficiency of passenger locomotives on the flat sections of the road long-haul, such as operation of electric rolling stock with rational values of power and number of axes corresponding to the train weight, speed and track profile, which will significantly reduce the cost of electricity for traction of trains.

The article discusses methods in evaluating the current settings for turning on and off the second converter unit when introducing power backup systems for DC traction substations. The analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of existing methods. The algorithm for calculating the current settings. A comparative analysis of the operating currents of the automation of the converter unit is carried out on the example of traction substations of the current section of the West Siberian Railway.

Electric power installation of a special self-propelled rolling stock used in the power supply divisions is considered in the paper; the expediency of its use for the analysis of the main energy indices, in particular, the evaluation of the efficiency of electro-hydro-mechanical units at separate and joint operation, is shown. To assess the energy efficiency, an integrated efficiency factor has been proposed that allows to account the energy parameters of electrical installations operating in various modes. Recommendations have been given to increase the power factor of electrical installations.

The article analyzes the components of the energy efficiency of regenerative braking and the factors influencing the effectiveness of the use of regenerative braking and energy recovery. Methods of evaluating the energy efficiency of recovery and the results of experimental studies of the effectiveness of recovery. Achieved justification for the use of the method of simulation modeling as a method for evaluating the potential of regenerative braking. It shows the sequence of the work.

The article proposes methodology for assessing the power loss in motor thrust bearings, the nodes of box, traction gear transmission. Revealed dependence between the power losses, the diameter of the tire wheel pair and the speed characteristic of the wheel-motor block. The results can be used to assess the technical condition and energy efficiency of traction rolling stock of Railways.

The subject of research is the evaluation of the effectiveness of different modes of energy-optimal control of the movement of a freight train of a unified mass by AC freight electric locomotives of the Uz-El series with asynchronous electric motors on the flat section of Kokand - Andijan of the Uzbek railway. Purpose of the study: substantiation of the main performance indicators of electric traction locomotives, taking into account the given traffic schedule, using various options for the optimal mode of controlling the movement of a freight train with a unified train mass on a real flat section of the Uzbek railway. The methods and methodology of the research are the theoretical foundations of locomotive traction, the mathematical theory of optimal object control, as well as the C # programming language (C Sharp) with the development of mock-up applications in the Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0 programming environment.As a result of the study, energy-optimal curves, kinematic parameters of the movement of a freight train and parameters of the main indicators of the energy efficiency of the investigated electric locomotive for different options for traction calculation on the real flat section of Kokand - Andijan of the Uzbek railway were obtained. The obtained kinematic parameters of the movement of freight trains with a unified mass of the train and the parameters of the efficiency indicators for the use of the studied electric locomotives can be used in the Kokand locomotive depot, which will allow developing regime maps for driving freight trains by these electric locomotives, depending on the level of complexity of the track profile and various conditions for organizing rail transportation of goods.

The used liquid wash solutions utilization problem in railway depots of Russian Federation was overviewed. Postulated, that it is important to solve ecological and energy efficiency problem together on railways. Authors shows, that in this moment level of development and using resource saving technology in railway depots is too low. Economical, juridical and technological aspect of this problem was analyzed. Shows, that in present conditions we need to treat wash solutions in the closed water recycling process. Simultaneously waste products must be concentrated and then used, taking into consideration, that concentrated waste products contains flammable oil-products. Proposed to combust it and generate heat energy. Taking review of oil-containing waste products concentration and combustion methods. Shows, that heat energy can be used for grows up energy efficiency of railway depots. Described theoretical basics, results of carried experiments, and economic effect was estimated. It`s proved, that proposed technology is useful and can be realized. Preferred construction of washing machines and waste treatment facilities are recommended. Ways of next research work are selected and proved.

The article analyzes the influence of parameters and operating modes of traction power supply system on the value of the useful energy recovery and the amount of electricity losses caused by the energy recovery through the traction power system to various consumers. The amount of energy lost in recuperation determines the degree of efficiency of its use. The approaches to the sequential determination of the recuperation energy efficiency and the calculation of the numerical values of the quantities characterizing the parameters of the traction power supply system, which are necessary for an adequate analysis of the energy distribution flow distribution, are proposed. It is determined that it is sufficient to use the regression analysis method to estimate the influence of the parameters and operating conditions of the traction power system on the energy efficiency of the recovery. The values of the relative resistance of the contact network are calculated depending on the type of the contact suspension, as well as on the traction network supply circuits. It is shown that the parameters and operating modes of traction power supply system affect the losses in the contact network, the losses in rectifier-inverter converters and traction transformers of direct current traction substations, the amount of energy recovery from tires of traction substations, as well as the relative change in losses in the system traction power supply with the use of regenerative braking.

With the advent of new series of locomotives, the development of heavy freight trains, the increasing speeds of passenger trains, the introduction of innovative technical means and technologies, the degree of influence of various indicators on energy consumption is redistributed. The aim of the article is to develop a methodology for monitoring the efficiency of locomotives when changing the set of operational factors. This will make it possible to more accurately determine the estimated change in specific energy consumption, which in turn will increase the objectivity of the assessment of the causes of changes in the energy intensity of transport and will help to reduce energy losses.

The article analyzes the results of the assessment operating time and power consumption of compressor equipment service locomotive depo Moscow West-Siberian Railway. The algorithms for data preparation for modeling and evaluating the efficiency of the production process are presented. The main factors influencing the power consumption of the compressor equipment are determined and the results of the assessment of their influence are presented. On the basis of the dependences obtained, a mathematical model of the process of power consumption of compressor equipment using fuzzy neural networks and its accuracy is determined. The interface of the developed program complex is presented at an estimation of influence of factors on process of power consumption of the equipment service locomotive depo Moscow West-Siberian Railway.

This paper describes an algorithm evaluating the effectiveness of energy-saving devices and technologies, based on the methods of mathematical statistics. Diagram presented in the article. It can be applied in the traction system and power supply without traction. Approbation of the algorithm is executed in the traction power supply system. The developed algorithm includes five stages: 1. Stage calculate the required number of observations. The basis of this stage is to evaluate the dispersion and calculating on it the desired number of observations. 2. Stage of the collection and processing of data obtained before the implementation of energy-saving devices and technologies. Collection is carried out on of electricity consumption and factors influencing the process of electricity consumption. Processing includes the calculation of the correlation matrix, the coefficients of determination and the parameters of the regression equation. 3. Stage of the collection and processing of data obtained after the implementation of energy-saving devices and technologies. Data collection is carried out according to the parameters selected in step 2 and the processing is done by the calculation of the parameters of the regression equation. 4. Stage of comparing the data before and after the introduction of energy saving devices and technologies. Comparison of the data obtained before and after the introduction of energy saving devices and technologies produced using the Chow test and nonparametric mathematical statistics such as omega-square (Lehmann-Rosenblatt). 5. Stage of calculating electric power saving. The calculation is made on the consumption of electricity obtained by the regression equation before the introduction of energy-saving devices or technology by substituting the values of the factor after implementation and actual consumption of electricity after the introduction of energy-saving devices or technology. Approbation of the algorithm was successful.

The article deals with the issue of improving the energy efficiency of DC and AC electric locomotives operated at the enterprises of JSC “Russian Railways». The main goals and objectives of the development program and energy strategy of JSC «Russian Railways» are analyzed and briefly considered. In accordance with these tasks, the relevance of scientific research in the field of improving the energy efficiency of electric locomotives is substantiated. The current data on traction rolling stock, on modern traction resource management systems and on Russian and foreign scientific research in the field of energy efficiency are analyzed. As a result of the analysis, it was found that most of the studies are aimed at studying the influence of key operational factors on energy efficiency indicators, so, in this case, on the specific power consumption for train traction. However, the reverse question has been poorly studied - the selection of the train mass and the technical speed on the basis of a preliminary assessment of the specific power consumption for train traction by analyzing the statistical data of trips on a certain section of the railway. The purpose of this study is to assess the possibility and develop a method for determining the optimal values of the key parameters of the operation of electric freight locomotives in order to achieve maximum operational efficiency in relation to them according to the criterion of energy efficiency. Two models were created in the program «Complex of calculations of traction power supply» (CORTES) - for DC and AC electric locomotives, describing the dependence of the energy efficiency indicator (specific power consumption for train traction) on operational indicators, such as the train mass and the technical speed. The initial data for further modeling were obtained by modeling trips on a conditional site.

The work is devoted to the study of heat supply systems of isolated facilities of Russian Railways JSC stations, selection of the most energy-efficient and economically feasible method of heat supply. The competitiveness of non-traditional heat systems such as geothermal heating is shown. On the basis of experimental data, economic indicators of operation of existing heat sources are obtained and operating costs for alternative heat supply options are calculated. The configuration of heat sources is determined, which allows increasing technical and economic indicators due to the introduction of renewable energy sources.

The presence of ever-changing electrical traction load, distributed not only in time but also in space leads to the complexity of the detailed monitoring of the energy efficiency of the organization trains JSC «Russian Railways». Therefore one of the priorities of the energy strategy of JSC «Russian Railways» is the introduction of innovative technical tools and technologies. The paper discusses the main provisions and some functionality created automated information-measuring complex accounting of electric energy in the electric rolling stock. Reviewed the processing of data for evaluation of energy efficiency of trains on the basis of the developed system.