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Abstact. During automated rheostat tests of locomotives itʹs necessary to control a lot of parameters of the diesel generator set and support systems. Due to the features of perception of the information by human the control is brought to the observation of a small number of parameters. Implementation in practice of rheostat tests of automated systems of inspection and testing allowed to expand the amount of received information. In this article is offered using automated control systems of diesel-generator sets parameters during rheostat tests which allow to accumulate and analyze test date using developed protocols forms and pivot tables with parameters in entire range of loads, also it helps to determine the quantitative index of a technical condition of diesel-generator set.

This article describes different ways of mass-burned fraction curve calculation, shows the Pugachev’s combustion rate equation structure, method of this equation factors selection and simulating versus experimental data matching.

The article describes the calculation of parameters of diesel fuel equipment on the nature of the change and the amount of fuel injection. Provides an implementation of the mathematical model of the fuel to be used when the kits before you install them on diesel and for calculation of parameters of parts used in the high pressure fuel pumps running on stands with a view to approximating the conditions of work in the booth to real conditions of a diesel engine and determine the correct performance of the pumps at the stand.

A modern solution to the problem of improving the efficiency of the traction rolling stock maintenance and repair processes based on the use of new information technologies is the transition to a locomotives predictive repair promising system. The key element of the predictive repair system in the issue of operational assessment and management of the locomotives technical condition are onboard microprocessor control systems with built-in diagnostic, monitoring and monitoring subsystems. The onboard microprocessor control systems have the ability to carry out continuous or discrete measurement, registration, transmission and accumulation the values of large package analog and discrete locomotive equipment parameters. The functionality of the onboard microprocessor control systems based on information technologies makes them an exceptionally effective means of efficiently organizing maintenance and repair impacts on the locomotive park in order to ensure specified operational reliability and performance indicators.

In the article the paper considers mathematical modeling of fuel equipment of high pressure and regulator of the rotation frequency of the crankshaft of the diesel engine. Analysis of factors affecting fuel equipment, mathematical modelling of the process of fuel into the cylinders, as well as mathematically describes the speed control of the crankshaft of the diesel diesel engine. Joint mathematical model of fuel equipment and rotation speed regulator. Presented algorithm and program calculation process the fuel feed to the cylinders of a diesel engine with a light hydraulic characteristics of generalized elements of fuel equipment and provision of the Executive mechanism of the regulator of the rotation frequency of the crankshaft of the diesel engine. In the work used mathematical and simulation, system analysis methods, the comparative method, methods of theoretical knowledge (formalisation), common logical methods and techniques of research (analysis, synthesis, classification, analogy ).

The subject of the study were made of the injection and combustion in diesel locomotives and ships, which are the most difficult to analyze, operate and forecasting facility management (processes in the cylinder of a diesel engine), where the conversion of thermal energy released during the combustion of fuel into mechanical work takes place through a series of successive physico-chemical, thermal, mass transfer and thermodynamic transformations which together constitute the circular irreversible and unlocked the duty cycle. However, the direct study of the operating cycle is still difficult complexity of the totality of the factors influencing the course of the process as a whole. The aim of the work was to establish an empirical connection laws fuel supply and combustion process in diesel cylinder it, ie the creation of methods of calculating these processes together. One approach to establishing formal relations and the possibility of subsequent numerical modeling of combustion processes and communication of the law the fuel in a diesel engine is the use of the theory of automatic control, which developed methods of identification, taking into account the processes of management system in the form of a model of a cybernetic system. It is concluded that the numerous experimental and computational studies suggest that the dynamics of the fuel significantly affects the combustion process in a diesel engine, and, consequently, its power and economic performance. Then to establish a formal link (model) combustion processes and the law the fuel used machine control theory (TAU), which uses and develops methods for the identification, considering processes management system in the form of a cybernetic circuit. Assumed that the full range of processes in the combustion chamber since the start of the fuel supply to the end of its combustion is a complex dynamic system of self-governing. The formulation was based on statistical methods for solving the problem of identification, where the input variable and its response (the law of supply and indicator diagram - experimental curves) are stationary random functions, and object management (combustion) is classified as a one-dimensional linear lumped. As a criterion of proximity to the object used criterion of the minimum of the expectation of a given function of the difference of the input signals and the object model. It is noted that there is currently no accurate method for calculating the finished analytically binding processes fuel supply, mixture formation and combustion in a diesel engine. Therefore, there is not yet calculated optimum injection characteristics suitable for the calculation and simulation processes in diesel engines of various types. It was found that, other things being equal, the law determined by the rate of injection of fuel injected. Striving to achieve injection with increasing speed in order to reduce the cycle dynamics, as well as more efficient use of the air charge in a distant "corners" of the combustion chamber (the latter portion of fuel, with a maximum speed to penetrate into the remotest corners). It is shown that in most cases it is necessary for the administration of the mathematical description of establishing the relationship between input and output variables, based on which can be worked out such a control object, which would ensure achievement of the intended target operation of the facility. With regard to the solution of a specific problem the most common case is when and exposure and response will be functions of the same argument. Thus, determining the experimental data of the conditional expectation of the output variable with respect to the input, we obtain the optimal (in the sense of the criterion of minimum mean square deviation) Estimates of the object. Given the accepted method of identification and characteristics of the problem, the best operator in the class of linear operators, and not among all possible random variables. This study was based on the principle of superposition, which is performed for a linear operator. Using the hypothesis that the investigated signals have the property of ergodicity with respect to the correlation functions. The adoption of the hypothesis of ergodicity possible to determine the correlation functions centered on the realization of a random process, ie, combustion process, as successive cycles. Noted that most fully identifiable objects are described in terms of the state space. Under the state of the object understood set of values, fully define its position at any given time. Proposed a model of the considered dynamic objects to choose a system of differential equations. In view of the above, the proposed approximation algorithm to determine the dynamic characteristics of the combustion process, ie, the agent object in the class of linear operators, which was presented as a system of differential equations representing the desired mathematical model.

Modern locomotive on board microprocessor-based control systems (MSU) can be used for not only controlling locomotive equipment, but for analyzing the process of their functioning too by means of mathematical statistics. It is confirmed by authors of this article. Through the article is offered method of nearby-failure condition diagnostic by the means of MSU data correlation analysis.

In this article the problems of efficiency of functioning of production systems of the locomotive repair enterprise are solved. In particular, the object of research is the technological processes of repair and maintenance of electric locomotives at the enterprises for repair of traction rolling stock. The article presents a mathematical description of the production process of such enterprises, on the example of the service locomotive depot «Moskovka». The mathematical model is described on the basis of queueing theory (QS) and Markov chains. A graph of the technological state of the locomotive during repair in the depot, where the process of transition of the repaired rolling stock from the state to the state, i.e. the relationship of technological movements of the electric locomotive on the territory of the depot, as well as the time of technological operations described transition matrix. The distribution of repair requests is described by the Poisson law, the delay of the electric locomotive in the depot areas in the planned types of repair in accordance with the accepted norm, and in the unplanned form of repair, the applications are delayed in accordance with the distribution of erlang. Based on the results of the mathematical description of the model of the production process of the repair enterprise, a simulation model of the operation of the Moskovka depot was created, implemented on a computer with the help of professional software of a new generation - AnyLogic. The paper describes the logic diagram of the simulation model, selected methods and modeling libraries. According to the results of the study, the overall assessment of technological performance indicators of the locomotive repair enterprise, in the conditions of probabilistic, dynamic changes in the repair task. By means of the methods of research of technological processes of depot «Moskovka» realized in article, it is possible to design any repair enterprises on repair of a rolling stock of the railroads, for the purpose of identification of «bottlenecks» of production process.

With the increase in the capacity of modern electric rolling stock providing freight and passenger transportation, the problem of transmitting large traction currents remains relevant, caused by the low load capacity of the pantograph, which can lead to overheating and annealing of the contact inserts with a subsequent decrease in their strength, peeling of graphite from the copper shell, and increased wear. The article considers the classification of various methods for increasing the load capacity of pantographs, the most promising of which is cooling their runners. The disadvantages of the known active and passive runner cooling systems include the need to use additional mechanisms and units to remove heat from the heated parts, which work effectively only when the electric rolling stock is moving or at a standstill. To eliminate this drawback, the authors proposed a technical solution for a pantograph runner equipped with heat pipes and capable of successfully operating in various operating modes of electric rolling stock. To test the operability of the proposed technical solution, its mathematical model was created in the SolidWorks software environment, which, using the FlowSimulation application, allows modeling the thermal processes occurring in the pantograph runner. When using heat pipes in the runner design, the heating temperature is distributed more evenly along its length, thereby improving the conditions for heat dissipation into the environment, which will allow higher load currents to pass through. The results of mathematical modeling of thermal processes in the pantograph runner in the SolidWorks software environment are confirmed by experimental studies on a specialized installation. The use of the proposed device facilitates a more uniform distribution of heat over the surface of the runner, reducing the heating of the contact inserts and increasing the load capacity of the pantograph and the reliability of its operation under conditions of high-speed, high-speed and heavy-haul train movement.

The physicochemical properties of diesel fuel and methyl ester of rapeseed oil are reviewed, graphical dependencies of density, kinematic and dynamic viscosity, surface tension of diesel fuel and rapeseed oil methyl ester are shown when the temperature in the diesel cylinder changes, chemical indicators of methyl esters of rapeseed oil on the characteristics of injection and spraying of fuel.

In articale investigations of conformity to sorption extraction laws of organic pollutants from industrial waste water by zeolits from Holinskoe deposit is carried out.

In this article, the authors have studied the electromagnetic processes of an inverter based on thyristors and IGBT transistors of an AC electric train in the regenerative braking mode. To accomplish this task, a method was used to compose instantaneous replacement schemes and systems of differential equations corresponding to a certain time interval of the rectified voltage diagram and the currents of the inverter arms. On the basis of the study were given the disadvantages of thyristor inverter and the advantages of transistor.

The article presents a method for determining the thyristor shoulders of the rectifier-inverter converter (inverter) of an electric locomotive, on which the control pulses are passed. The method is based on the analysis of the duration of the current switching of the thyristors of the inverter shoulders and the rate of rise of the rectified current in the inverter circuit of the electric locomotive. The implementation of the method is carried out by refining the software of the microprocessor control system of the electric locomotive. The simulation of electromagnetic processes of rectifier inverter Converter of AC locomotive series 3es5k "Ermak" in the mode of regenerative braking during emergency operation is carried out on the example of missing control pulses on thyristor shoulders VS2 and VS7. As a result of modeling, data are obtained that confirm the effectiveness of the method proposed by the authors

The article describes the main provisions of the optimized system of the electric locomotives maintenance service and repair, as well as the results of the experiment to increase between-repairs run of the electric locomotives in the Eastern polygon. The author examines the impact of techno-logical preparation of production on the quality of repair and the number of failures in the transi-tion to a more streamlined system. The article proposes a method of calculation of adjustment and development cost of technological documentation, which is an integral part of technological prepa-ration of production. The cost calculation includes qualifications and salaries of industrial engi-neers, the complexity and volume of developed or adjusted technological documentation. The author gives the example of calculation of adjustment and development cost of technological docu-mentation in depot conditions. The economic effect from the implementation of this methodology and optimized system repair shows its effectiveness and viability. Due to the adjustments of techno-logical processes of the electric locomotives repair, the number of failures during operation, dis-covered during the experiment in the Eastern polygon, will decrease. Benefit from the increased between-repairs run and reducing the complexity of some of the repairs will cover the costs of im-plementation of the optimized system.

In article the question about possibility of extension of service life of carriage wheels by influence on technological parameters of restoration of their driving profile is considered. The correlation analysis of statistical data on volumes of machining and the size of defects on a driving surface of the wheels coming to repair is made. The mechanism of purpose of an allowance for machining of a driving profile of a wheel which will allow to reduce an unreasonable consumption of metal of a rim of a wheel in shaving is offered.

The article is devoted to the description of the requirements for the accuracy of control devices and the development of methods to ensure the claimed dimensional accuracy by methods of dimensional analysis. The conditions for ensuring the accuracy of the assembly scheme, the determination of the dimensional chain and dimensional analysis of the dimensional chain during the assembly of the control device, as well as the main causes of errors during assembly and ways to eliminate them are listed. In addition, the consequences of the influence of irregular gaps in the interfaces of the control device parts on the measurement accuracy are presented, various types of assembly dimensional chains are considered, tasks solved when calculating the dimensional chain. The paper presents a compiled dimensional chain of the technological process of assembling a measuring instrument for monitoring the alignment of the inserts of motor-axial bearings of traction electric motors of locomotives, which represents a dimensional chain of the first type and is a chain with linear dimensions and vertically parallel links. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the calculated tolerances and limit deviations of the links of the assembly dimensional chain, providing the required value of the closing link for the proper functioning of the assembled measuring instrument. The paper describes the selection of the closing link of the dimensional chain, the selection of the links that make up the dimensional chain, the calculation of the limiting deviations of the closing link that ensure the required measurement accuracy during operation of the control device and the calculation of the limiting deviations of the components of the links of the dimensional chain by the "maximum-minimum" method. Thus, the article presents a solution to the design problem of dimensional analysis, which consists in determining the accuracy of the component links of the dimensional chain when assembling the control device according to the known calculated tolerance of the closing link and its limit deviations.

The article discusses the urgent problem of upgrading non-public railway tracks through the introduction of automated loading and unloading control systems. The relevance of the study is due to the significant proportion of non-public tracks in the Russian railway infrastructure (29 % of the total length) and their constant increase, the growing volume of industrial production in the country and the need to improve the efficiency of transport services for enterprises and improve the efficiency of their use. More than 85 % of all freight traffic by rail starts and ends on non-public roads. The correctness of the service, organization and technology of the operation of the considered routes affects the operation of the entire transport network. The problem of the study lies in the fact that traditionally accepted methods of loading and unloading operations on non-public tracks do not provide the necessary efficiency of the transportation process, which leads to long downtime of rolling stock and increased operating costs for railway transport. The methods of system analysis, mathematical modeling and comparative analysis of statistical data are used in the work. Based on a study of international experience and domestic practice, it has been shown that the introduction of automated control systems can reduce the downtime of wagons by 25 - 30 % and reduce operating costs by 15 - 20 %. The article presents the definition of an automated loading and unloading management system as an integrated information management system that integrates hardware and software. A step-by-step methodology for system implementation has been developed, including seven consecutive stages from preliminary analysis to optimization and development. The proposed solutions take into account the specifics of Russian operating conditions and import substitution requirements.

The article presents the main requirements for the development of traction motors commutation control digital device and the results of the development and testing of this device on the test bench. Justified the expediency of application of the input highpass filter when the power of the testing traction engine from the thyristor converter. Presented the technique of processing the diagnostic signal from bipolar brushes to filter out noise of different physical nature.

The article shows that the replacement of concrete poles should be based on their actual corrosion state. Authors propose a new method for determining the corrosion state of the contact system concrete poles underground part, which allows to carry out measurements on the two poles at the same time. In this case, second pole acts as a current electrode. There is a formulas for determining the resistance of concrete, resistance and capacity of «steel - concrete» interface region. This algebraical expressions are results of the transient process analysis for the contact system poles equivalent circuit. The values of these parameters define the corrosion state pole in the underground part. Using of the proposed method will significantly reduce the time and labor costs of diagnostic procedures.

A new approach to modeling the operations of railway stations and junctions using Petri nets is proposed. This method enables process analysis both analytically and through simulation, considering the topological features, operational technology of the station, and the structure of the transportation flow. The article provides a detailed examination of key properties of Petri nets, such as boundedness, liveness, and reachability, as well as methods for their analysis. These properties are applied to solve practical tasks, including resource optimization, increasing operational efficiency, and ensuring railway station safety. The proposed model identifies bottlenecks, forecasts potential operational difficulties, and develops measures to improve station performance. Various modifications of Petri nets, including timed, stochastic, and colored nets, are discussed. Each type offers distinct advantages for analyzing the temporal, probabilistic, and structural characteristics and parameters of station topology and transportation flow. The paper presents a model of the throat of a railway station’s reception yard for train passage, including its reachability tree of possible states. Analyzing the reachability tree identifies operational constraints and the sequences of events leading to these states. The model also predicts potential operational difficulties and shortages of maneuvering resources by applying an analytical method based on Petri net matrix analysis. This approach enables large systems, such as complex technical railway stations or junctions, to determine individual critical states that could lead to undesirable events without simulating all possible states.

Traction electric machines (TEM) of locomotives operating at the Eastern circulation range have insufficient reliability, mainly in terms of insulation breakdown, being one of the most important problems in the operation of electric rolling stock. This article discusses the method of drying wetted insulation by mobile and stationary electric heaters, which are used in the process of repairing traction electric motors of locomotives and electric trains. The problem of operating these installations is their low energy efficiency. With a constant power supply, the heating elements and the fan of the electric heater remain on during the entire drying process of the insulation, which leads to significant energy consumption, and the drying process is recorded by conducting paper workflow, recording the technical condition of the TU-152 locomotive in the log. To eliminate these shortcomings, the authors propose the modernization of the electric heating installation by introducing into it a microprocessor-based system for automatic regulation of the drying process with cloud storage technology. The article presents a block diagram of the proposed automated system, which will implement the three-cycle amplitude-latitude-discontinuous method of energy supply proposed at the FGBOU VO "IrGUPS" in the process of drying the wet insulation of the TED. Currently, cloud storage technologies have found their application in companies of various kinds of activity, it is being actively improved due to the constant increase in the amount of information that needs to be stored or transferred, and in addition, the user can have access to it from anywhere in the world. In recent years, the world has noticeably increased interest in the application of this technology in railway transport. As part of the modernization of the installation, it becomes possible to remotely control its operation, as well as store and process the information received on the drying process of wetted insulation.

This article describes the features of the calculation of the unsteady wave processes in the system of traction electric supply. Mathematical model for calculation of wave processes at contact networks based on modified Laplace transform combined with using Fourier series. Practiced modeling of power supply system for identifying characteristics of wave processes in traction networks.

The minimum of number of operations for a polynomial calculation is found. Results are presented as proofs of one lemma and one theorem.

This study focuses on the harmonized definition of sets of source data and criteria for creating an optimal container handling model at a terminal of type «dry port» served by rail and road transport. The model development process should consider priority in managing rail and road transport, balancing their interests and the cost-benefit relationship between cargo equipment and inactivity of vehicles and/or containers, depending on the technology and speed of cargo handling. The article noted that in the part of setting the task, many authors have limited approaches to the concept of «optimal terminal operating model» and the applied criteria of optimality. The study proposes a set of initial data intended to create an optimal work model, which includes data on the characteristics of the container flow, terminal, transport and handling mechanisms and processing. When creating the optimal terminal operation model, it is possible to evaluate the efficiency of the process in isolation or in a complex at once in several aspects depending on the purpose of the simulation. The valuation can be performed using a value criterion (cost of processing TEU), a criterion in terms of the natural value (maximum amount of processing to be realized, duration of processing) or an integral criterion (natural-cost value). The work has shown that the completeness of the sets of source data and the determination of calculation parameters in several possible units of measurement make the model adaptive for various modeling tasks and application of different criteria of optimality. For data that is dynamic by nature, the procedure for automated retrieval from existing information management systems significantly accelerates and simplifies calculation, allowing its use for operational planning and management purposes.

The article describes the types of irrational electric power losses for train traction and sets the annual planning levels of their improvement. Represented the basic methods of irrational electric power losses determination which are currently used in JSC "Russian Railways". Shown an example of the irrational losses determining algorithm in case of making up for train delay and given its description. Formulated technical results of the proposed method for determining the irrational electric power losses .