Search results

The wheelset and its components (the axle and the wheel) are subject to technical regulation. Therefore, in order to establish the assigned service life in accordance with TRCU 001/2011 (Technical Regulations of the Customs Union) and the examination frequency taking into account the durability parameters of rolling stock components in accordance with VNIIZhT RD 27.05.01-2017, it is necessary to assess the operational loading obtained from the running testing results, with respect to the part strength characteristics which are calculated during the bench tests. At present, to estimate the stress-strain state (SSS) in various machine-building structures, the strain measurement method is widely used, which allows to assess their performance with high accuracy. However, determining the SSS of a wheelset is not only a difficult task due to the constant rotation and movement of the wheelset relative to the bogie, but also expensive due to the employment of special non-contact measuring systems. Development of a dynamic model using modern software systems allows determination the stress-strain state of the wheelset elements by creating dynamic models as a system of perfectly rigid and elastic bodies connected by strength members and hinges. To confirm the adequacy of the parameters obtained in the simulation, verification is carried out according to the results of running dynamic strength tests. Thus, using the obtained model of the rolling stock and the track it is possible to make life and durability assessment as well as optimize the main rolling stock components. On the example of a freight gondola car model, a diagram of the dependence of dynamic stress amplitude distribution on the frequency of the occurrence in the wheel has been obtained, and considering the results of the earlier bench tests of standard specimens and full-scale wheels the period has been determined for durability from the moment of crack initiation in the wheel up to its fracture, as well as the assessment of the safety factor for durability is given.

The article includes research results of substantiation 3ТЕ10М diеsel locomotive`s movement work parameters on a hilly-mountainous direction of railway while moving freight trains with stops and without any stops on the spaces stations and separating points

The results of the investigations on the study condition movement of high-speed trains with active and passive systems inclination of body of the carriage in the curved directions of railway track with the registrations of the organizes in the movement and exploitation of the electric trains «Afrosiyob» in the direction Tashkent - Samarkand of the Uzbek railway track are presented are presented.

The article includes research results of analyzing and evaluating 3ТЕ10М diesel locomotive`s efficiency on a hilly-mountainous direction Marokand-Navoi of Uzbekistan railways while hauling freight trains with and without stopping on through stations (division points).Main parameters of basic movement work of researched UzTE16M3 diesel locomotives are shown as tabled values and graphic dependencies,also equations of organizing necessary calculations mentioned above in accepted range of mass variation are marked here.

The results of the investigations on the evaluation of efficiency use of the diesel locomotives UzTE16M4 in the mountainous direction Kumkurgan - Tashguzar of the Uzbek railways track by of the movement goods trains with stops and without any stops on the spaces station are presented.

The experience of the railways electrification in Russia and the justification of the current type choice for the electrification of the Ulan-Bator Railway are considered. The calculation of the maximum mass of the wagons of freight trains of an AC electric locomotive of 2ES5K and an electric locomotive of direct current 2ES6 in the conditions of the Ulan Bator Railway is performed. The rationale for choosing the kind of current for the electrification of the Ulan Bator railway is presented.

The introduced results of the investigation by valuation of efficiency the employment of the locomotives of the diesel (the diesel locomotives 3TE10M, UzTE16M3) and of the electrical (the electric locomotives 3VL80S) tractions in the plainly direction of railway track by the method of averagin design values. Modified average significances main indicator move working of the investigations of the diesel locomotives 3TE10M, UzTE16M3 of the evaluation mind numeral and table facts, and also graphic arts dependences, representative oneself arithmetical mean value with taking into account of the movement goods trains without any stops and with stops on the spaces stations, passing - tracks and divides points, which have received in the result to uses of the traction calculation for different conditions organization of the goods movement. Designate equations for organization calculation values mention exponents in the accepted range changing of the masses trains

Introduced on the Russian Railways network monitoring system download the snow train has allowed to identify cases of export volume of the snow mass is much less possible when cleaning railway tracks from snow, which leads to the underutilization of capacity of the snow trains and shunting locomotives and irrational use of fuel and energy resources for operation of rolling stock. The purpose of the work is to consider the fuel and energy efficiency of snow-removal trains and shunting locomotives carrying out their movement and to determine ways to reduce the consumption of fuel and energy resources for the performance of works on cleaning the tracks from snow (in economic traffic). To achieve this goal, one of the structural divisions of JSC "Russian Railways" estimated the volume of snow removal by snow-removal trains, calculated the values of mechanical work performed by locomotives to move snow-removal equipment and fuel consumption by snow-removal trains and locomotives to perform work on clearing snow from the tracks. On the basis of the comparative analysis the conclusion is made on the available reserves of increase of fuel and energy performance of the rolling stock while clearing paths of snow and the technique allowing to estimate the total fuel consumption for snow removal snow plow trains and traction units (locomotives), and ways to improve the power efficiency of snow-removing trains and working with them traction means, such as the use of rolling stock with a rational value of mass and power depending on weather conditions.

On the basis of the analysis of statistics of the incidents which have occurred on the railroads of Russia and connected with collisions of trains with obstacles, the most probable scenarios of development of an emergency situation are allocated. Modern methods of investigation of kinematics and dynamics of vehicles are analyzed. By methods of solid-state computer modeling the estimation of the dynamic loadings acting on the locomotive and passenger cars at collision of the passenger train with an obstacle in the form of the lorry on the railway crossing is carried out. For this purpose solid-state computer model of a passenger train and a cargo car. The obtained results indicate a high dynamic load of the locomotive in a collision. At the same time, passenger cars are affected by low dynamic loads that do not lead to damage to the load-bearing structures of passenger cars. The obtained results can be used in the creation of modern passenger rolling stock, characterized by high demands on safety in emergency situations. The work was carried out within the grant of the President of the Russian Federation for the state support of young Russian scientists MK-2881.2018.8.

In article the possibilities of decrease in energy consumption on draft at the movement of electric trains in the conditions of a flat profile of West Siberian Railway due to shutdown of traction section of an electric train and rational distribution of time of the course in all direction of the movement are considered. During the calculating and creation of schedules of the train for site is used an analytical method of the solution of the differential equation of the movement of the train. For the analysis of optimum schedules of the train at each stage of their modeling an inspection of calculations which allows to guarantee reliability of the received results is car-ried out. For definition of potential opportunities of decrease in energy consumption on draft at traffic control of an electric train the concrete trip of an electric train of ED4M along a route Omsk - Irtyshskaya is analysed. Settlement schedules of an electric train are provided in the considered trip, and also with shutdown of one traction section. Average is defined by standard means of system of computer modeling on the way the electric train speed, dispersion of speed on the way, energy consumption. The received size of energy consumption for draft with the disconnected traction section is much less than energy consumption on a real trip. Rational distribution of time of the course of the electric train in all direction of movement from a condition of preserving time of its arrival also allows to reduce an electric power expense on draft by the terminal station. Based on consumption data of the electric power in general possible economy of energy costs on draft due to application of the offered methods is determined by Omsk TCh-31 depot.

The possibilities of improving speed and reducing the time of passenger trains on the Trans-Siberian railway, including through new passenger locomotives EP1, EP2K, EP20.

The article consider the mathematical model for integrated evaluation of the innovation cars operational efficiency in the freight traffic. Created the complex systems of freight rolling stock efficiency indicators of the innovation cars providing aggregate multiplicative effect of increase in productivity. Presents the calculations of the rolling stock productivity indicators model change from operation for one production cycle of innovation cars in the cargo movement. The executed in the article researches and received modeling results show that the rolling stock use efficiency in the cargo movement are consider into account of influence factors from the innovation cars implementation.

The aim of the work is to study and evaluate the energy efficiency of regenerative braking of an electric locomotive when a freight train is moving at an unsteady and steady speed, to determine the degree of influence on the return of electricity of various factors, first of all, the mass of the train, the speed of movement, resistance to movement, the steepness of the slope of the track profile, driving conditions, the efficiency of traction motors and the needs of an electric locomotive own needs. Also, the purpose of the study is to develop recommendations for improving the energy efficiency of regenerative braking of an electric freight locomotive. Methods used: mathematical analysis, methods of traction calculations and energy balance. The equations of the energy balance of the movement of a freight train and its components in the mode of regenerative braking are considered, which make it possible to identify the main factors affecting the return of electricity at unsteady and steady speed. The calculated dependences of the return of electricity during regenerative braking of an electric locomotive with loaded and empty freight trains consisting of 71 four-axle cars, when moving with reduced speed and constant speed on sections of track with slopes of different steepness, characterizing the influence of individual factors on the return of electricity during regenerative braking of an electric locomotive, are obtained. It is shown that the specific return of electricity during regenerative braking of an electric locomotive with a loaded freight train weighing 7100 tons when moving with a decrease in speed on a track section with a zero profile is approximately the same as with a steady speed of movement on descents with a steepness of 6 ...7 ‰. The specific return of electricity during regenerative braking of an electric locomotive with an empty freight train weighing 1775 tons when moving with a decrease in speed on a track section with a zero profile is approximately the same as with a steady speed on descents with a steepness of 11 ‰ or more. The conditions under which the maximum return of electricity is achieved during regenerative braking of electric freight locomotives are determined. Recommendations have been developed to improve the energy efficiency of regenerative braking of electric freight locomotives.

Based on the analysis of the empty rolling stock on the Krasnoyarsk and East Siberian Railways, the technical parameters that have a significant impact on the unloading of the wheel of the first wheel pair in the course of movement are determined. The design features of wagons influencing the safety coefficient of train traffic are considered. Statistical processing of these gatherings, according to the materials of official investigations, revealed a number of interesting features. One of them is non-normalized total gaps in the sliders along the diagonals of the wagons. This fact in the movement of empty car causes misalignment of the body, which in turn leads to a redistribution of the loads acting on the spring kits on the sides of carts and wagons. The influence of elastic suspension parameters (height, spring break) on the redistribution of loads acting on the sides of the trolley is considered. The misalignment of the body of empty wagons, especially wagons with a sufficiently small mass of unsprung parts and a high center of gravity, leads to a significant reduction in the safety factor. The calculation of the transverse guiding forces acting at the point of contact of the wheel and rail, as well as their effect on the unloading of the wheel. It is revealed that the body skew leads to a significant increase in lateral force, which affects the stability of the empty rolling stock.

The subject of this article is the pressure in the main reservoir of the locomotive. The purpose of the study is to obtain and analyze unique data on pressure reduction in the main reservoir of the locomotive. When carrying out train tests developed by the author of the train brake diagnostic system, pressure changes in the main reservoir of the locomotive were obtained depending on the driver's control effects in real time. This was achieved by installing a sensor measuring the pressure in the nutrient line of the locomotive and processing data using the software and hardware complex diagnostics system for the brake network of the train. In work methods of the mathematical analysis, a method of experiment, an analytical method are applied. As a result of the work, pressure reduction curves are described in accordance with the processes occurring in the main tanks of the locomotive during train operation. An explanation of the flow of pneumatic processes in accordance with the specifics of the braking equipment of the rolling stock of railways. An experiment was carried out to measure the density of the brake network of a train by a machinist and a system for diagnosing the brake network of a train, and the convergence of results was presented. Also, quantitative indicators of the measurement rate by the standard and proposed method are determined. The research results were applied to improve the methods and means of diagnosing the brake network of a train, modeling pneumatic processes of the train's brake system. Pressure reduction curves have their own gas-dynamic nature, which allows to determine the mode of operation of the braking system, as well as diagnose faults in the brake network of the train, such as shutting off end valves, leaks along the way.

In this article, the authors have studied the electromagnetic processes of an inverter based on thyristors and IGBT transistors of an AC electric train in the regenerative braking mode. To accomplish this task, a method was used to compose instantaneous replacement schemes and systems of differential equations corresponding to a certain time interval of the rectified voltage diagram and the currents of the inverter arms. On the basis of the study were given the disadvantages of thyristor inverter and the advantages of transistor.

The subject of the study is energy efficiency of traction power supply system and traction electric drive of electric locomotives. The article is scientifically based on the assessment of the energy efficiency of the mutually connected system of electric traction of trains. The study is aimed at solving problems on reduction of voltage losses in the contact system, active power in the contact system and traction electric drive of electric locomotives. This is possible due to the full and continuous use of the electrical potential of the power supply system. The research methodology is based on the law of energy preservation, mathematical modeling of the energy process and spectral analysis of voltage and current on the current collector of the electric locomotive. Analytically and by results of calculation it has been proved that significant losses of voltage, active power in the contact system, traction electric drive of electric locomotives are caused by unsatisfactory operation of power regulators and mismatch of voltage level in the contact power network, which is necessary for realization of heavy and high-speed driving of trains. In order to eliminate the negative effect of the inductive coupling of AC traction power supply on the energy efficiency and speed of trains, it is proposed to increase the voltage in the DC contact system and develop power regulators of electric locomotives. Mathematical model of DC electric traction system shows possibilities of reduction of electric energy losses and increase of movement speed due to application of electric semiconductor variator for matching of high voltage in contact system with voltage of traction electric motors of electric locomotive.

The results of the train traction electricity consumption forecasting, which were obtained on the basis of existing methods and the interval regression method, was analyzed. The errors of forecasting according to three methods compared with the real electricity consumption were determined. The authors put forward the software for calculating the predicted values of electricity consumption for train traction, taking into account the operational indicators of the electrified railroad under conditions of uncertainty in the initial data.

Currently, in the brake system of operated cars, there is a problem of lack of brake pressure on the wheel, which is necessary for the movement of the train at a set speed in accordance with the regulatory documentation. This is due to the tendency to increase the mass of trains and the maximum load of cars with a constant tare weight, which requires an extended range of pressure control in the brake cylinder by an air distributor or auto mode, depending on the load of the car. To solve this problem, calculations were made of the braking coefficient of cars equipped with air distributors № 483, which showed that the freight car was not equipped with brakes to run as part of a train at a set speed. In the course of engineering studies, it turned out that increasing the spring rate of loaded and medium modes can increase the adjusting range of the air distributor and partially solve the problem of lack of brake pressure. Thus, it is proposed to recalculate the stiffness of the adjusting spring. Calculations of the rigidity of regular and proposed springs were made. The braking coefficient has been recalculated, taking into account the increased spring constant. As a result, this coefficient has increased, which makes it possible to remove speed limits. The proposed method for upgrading the air distributor can be carried out on all types of repairs, which facilitates the implementation process.

The paper is vibration investigation in a case of guiding of railroad vehicle in curves with low radius. Experimental methods. Examine results of the investigation of vibrations on box bearing of railroad locomotive in a case of mountain trucking with large count of curves with low radius. It is show, that in a case of locomotive guiding in a low radius curves a pseudo-random vibration arise. The level of the pseudo-random vibration in a low radius curves exceeds the vibration in the rail joint, but vibration in the guiding is semi continuous. In a case of locomotive working, also the harmonics of gearing is shown. The spectral density of vibration accelerations is presented in a three-dimensional form, coded in color on a two-dimensional time-frequency diagram for estimating the vibration spectra and their probable sources.

The analysis of the operational efficiency of freight cars circulating on the Russian railways, shows a lack of basic truck models 18-100 and its modifications and foreign counterparts. We propose a method for increasing the efficiency of the dynamic properties of the freight car with a cart, which has a new design of spring suspension, based on the principle of compensation of external disturbances and presented its advantages.

Electricity consumption for traction depends on a number of operational parameters, including the use of power of electric rolling stock. Due to the fact that the Russian Railways are characterized by pronounced uneven sections of track, which, along with the hilly-mountain and mountain profile and has flat stretches long-haul locomotives when operating on different difficulty sections of the road have a different load and therefore operated with a different energy indicators. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the energy performance of the electric locomotives for driving passenger trains on flat terrain and the possible ways to increase their energy efficiency. To achieve this goal was the analysis of passenger electric locomotives EP2K on a flat site Novosibirsk-Omsk, West-Siberian railway, the mean values of the speeds and masses of passenger trains have been calculated for capacity, utilization factor, power rating and efficiency of electric locomotives. On the basis of the conducted research it was determined that the EP2K electric locomotives in the plains of the Railways a large extent operate in inefficient modes, due to their excess capacity, which is impossible to implement. In this regard, it was concluded that reserves of energy saving in those areas of Railways, where the operating conditions there is a clear underutilization of the capacity of the locomotives, a method of increasing the efficiency of their use through the use of a stepped power control and comparative evaluation of EP2K electric locomotives on all parts and traction motors.

A mathematical model describing the dynamics of mechanical oscillatory systems «rolling stock train -railway track» in the vertical longitudinal plane of symmetry. Is equivalent to converting the design scheme. Linearization of nonlinear characteristics in ways. A model of the «generalized» track to assess the existing shock pulses from the joints of rails.

This article touches upon the energy efficiency of train traction at Russian Railways. The relevance of scientific research in this issue has been substantiated. Requirements for organizational and technical measures implemented to improve the energy efficiency of train traction are given. The groups of factors that actually affect energy efficiency indicators have been identified. The creation of an intelligent system for monitoring and planning energy efficiency of train traction is proposed. The goals and objectives of creating such a system are formulated. The main features and classes of intelligent systems in the context of their application for solving the problems indicated in the article are described. The functional diagram of the proposed system and its description are given.

The results of the study the possibility of using artificial neural networks in identification problems failure status diesel D49, the results of spectral analysis of the crankcase oil. The obtained results are needed to develop software for evaluation of the degree of wear and tear as a result of the diesel locomotive spectral analysis of engine oil.