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The purpose of the study is to justify a rational method of organizing transportation, depending on the various parameters of packaged cargoes, transport containers, wagons and containers. The methods of investigation are based on the analysis and generalization of existing methods and methods of collecting the initial information, methods of its processing when choosing a rational method for the carriage of packaged goods. Practical significance of the research in the implementation of its results lies in the possibility of increasing the technical rate of loading of wagons and containers.

Solidifying transportation of goods by rail, namely, tank wagons is accompanied a number of difficulties. These include: lowering the temperature of the transported oil, accompanied by the growth of its viscosity, the inability to quickly discharge, change in performance of transported oil products, an increase in idle tank cars. The analysis of the cooling rate of the goods transported, depending on the size and thickness of the insulating layer. Introduced formulas show that the presence of the heat-insulating sheath is cylindrical vessel radius deviation from the optimum value. When this thermal insulation reduces considerably the heat transfer coefficient in the surrounding area and to accelerate the discharge process.

In this paper we presented an option accounting compliance joints through mathematical modeling of prefabricated single-walled cylindrical geometric op-totropnyh shells on the basis of the contact boundary value problem of structural type.

In January 2022, a line of 2,000 cars formed at the Russian-Chinese border, waiting to be allowed to cross the state border [1]. The main reasons for the accumulation of a large number of vehicles at border checkpoints are restrictions on the movement of vehicles and cargo due to the difficult epidemiological situation, the lack of operational information interaction between transport organizations and regulatory authorities, insufficient capacity of the transport and terminal and logistics infrastructure. Consignors are switching to sending containers by rail, including the issue of piggyback transportation. In recent years, Russian Railways Holding has been actively developing a logistics service for the transportation of semi-trailers by rail, including in international traffic. Transportation of goods in piggybackers from the border provinces of the People's Republic of China towards the northeastern regions of Russia, where the transport infrastructure is poorly developed, difficult climatic conditions and irregular transport links, is an effective way to deliver goods to ensure an uninterrupted supply of the population of the region. As part of the strategy of the new Silk Road «One Belt - One Road» one can organize piggyback routes in the direction of Suifenhe - Grodekovo - Nizhny Bestyakh with the formation of the necessary cross-border terminal, logistics and transport infrastructure. The subject of this study is the analysis of the infrastructure of the Pogranichny railway checkpoint and the technological processes for organizing international piggyback transportation. The aim of the work is to develop a project for the infrastructure equipment of the terminal and logistics complex of the Pogranichny railway checkpoint for the organization of piggyback transportation. This paper uses theoretical research methods, including system analysis and information synthesis. By analyzing quantitative and qualitative indicators, operating technology and technical equipment of the Grodekovo station, the objects of the terminal and logistics infrastructure and issues that need to be addressed in the implementation of piggyback transportation were identified. The article presents the transport and technological schemes for the delivery of piggybackers, which are based on the functioning of terminal and logistics complexes, united by a single information space, and also considers the elements that affect the efficiency of organizing piggyback transportation. Transport industry experts predict a further increase in the volume of passage and transshipment of goods through the Far Eastern transport corridors, so the use of non-reloading transportation technologies and the implementation of the principles of «seamless» logistics will require reformatting the border terminal and logistics infrastructure with the introduction of digital services for the interaction of participants in international transportation.

The article considers the urgency of the problem of creating an on-board system of diagnosing the technical condition of railway car, the shortcomings of the existing diagnostic tools are indicated. Patent search of electric power sources for freight wagons has been carried out, their features have been determined. The author's design of the power supply device is proposed to diagnose the technical condition of railway car on the trip.

Low-density railway lines (LDRL) make up almost 1/5 (15,353 km) (18.2 %) of the total length of Railways of JSC "Russian Railways". Currently, the operation of LDRLs in countries of Europe and in Russia is very expensive. This is due to the large number of manual management operations and the excessive need for staff. The solution to the problem of efficiency of use of LDRL in the conditions of market economy is one of the priority tasks facing the transport industry. Despite the fact that LDRL are poorly loaded (on average 3.5 pairs of trains per day) and, therefore, unprofitable, their content is subject to almost the same requirements as for the mainlines, including reporting requirements. The stationmaster and staff of LDRL are overloaded the reporting documentation. This requires the performance of work on the revision of the technology, standards of service and operating procedures LDRL. The purpose of the study is to reduce costs for the main types of activities by changing the technology of maintenance and operation of LDRL. The subject of this study is the operation and maintenance of the LDRL network of JSC "Russian Railways". The methodology of the conducted research is based on the system analysis and scientific generalization of domestic and foreign experience in operation and maintenance of LDRL. The article highlights the technological features of operation of the LDRL. The classification of lines with low-intensity traffic has been developed and the criteria for their assignment to the proposed types have been determined. The peculiarities of the organization of movement of trains, passenger and freight work for the LDRL of various types are presented.

The article deals with the organizational features of the Federal law of the Russian Federation on "transportation security compliance requirements to ensure transport security objects (buildings, structures), not related to transport infrastructure objects and located on land adjacent to transport infrastructure objects in the security zones of land transport. Systematized the activities required for the implementation of such transport facilities. In the work used techniques of systems analysis, comparative method, methods of theoretical knowledge (formalisation), obshhelogicheskie methods and techniques of research (analysis, synthesis, classification, the analogy).

A significant share of JSCo «Russian Railways» expenses falls on the purchase of diesel fuel and electric power for train traction. In this connection, the task of ensuring rational consumption of energy resources acquires special importance. Its solution is impossible without a well-functioning system for planning and forecasting the energy efficiency of locomotives. The article proposes a method for predicting specific energy consumption (SEC) for train traction, based on determining predicted values of transportation work and fuel and energy resources consumption by extrapolating time series, which consists in spreading the trends in changes in the values established in the past to the future period. A distinctive features of the developed method is the determination of seasonality indices and consideration of the rhythm of changes in the indicators. In cases where the forecast period includes months of the first or fourth quarters, a formula is proposed for determining the forecast value of the SEC, taking into account the influence of the atmospheric air temperature. The calculations performed showed that the application of the proposed method for structural divisions with different volume and nature of transportation work and the level of the SEC ensures a sufficiently high accuracy of train traction energy cost forecasting. The method is included in the Methodology for Analysis and Prediction of Fuel and Energy Resources Consumption for Traction of Trains developed by OmGUPS and implemented in the railroad network of the Russian Federation.

Transportation in tank cars of viscous liquid cargo (fuel oil, paraffins, industrial oils, cracking residues, etc.) is difficult with their solidification, accompanied by a sharp increase in viscosity. In fact, this leads to the need to warm up or partially warm up the transported oil product before unloading, usually carried out as a gravity discharge, in order to restore the fluidity of the delivered oil cargo. The process of unloading in this case with heating leads to a significant increase in the cost of transporting petroleum products, including the downtime of tank cars, and in general, a decrease in the turnover of rolling stock. According to the analysis carried out to determine the costs of the technological process of heating frozen petroleum products transported by rail, about 600 thousand tons of conventional fuel are spent per year, and the idle time of tank cars under unloading and subsequent cleaning of boilers from high-viscosity residues of oil cargo exceeds 1 million car-hours. The urgency of the issue of reducing the cost of railway transportation of viscous cargo is due to the intensive development of the Northern and Eastern regions of the Russian Federation. Important factors for transportation in these conditions are not only the negative average daily air temperature, but also long distances. The issue of reducing the cost of transportation of viscous petroleum products at low air temperatures is considered. Viscous petroleum products, when thickened, turn into a rheological liquid, which does not have a clear interface between the liquid and solid phases. The methods of transfer to the stratified state of hot fuel oil during its slow cooling and partial solidification with the formation of a heat-insulating layer of solidified fuel oil are applied. The positive effect is achieved by reducing the time and cost of thermal energy for unloading the delivered oil product by reducing the rate of its cooling during transportation. This, in turn, is achieved by suppressing the natural convection of the hot oil product on the cold walls of the boiler of the tank car in the first few hours after filling the tank. From the comparison of the experimental data and the calculation results, the values of the empirical coefficients of the equation for the heat transfer coefficient of liquid petroleum products are selected. The standard deviation of the absolute temperature of the liquid petroleum product was 8 %.

The globalization of world economic processes poses challenges for the international transport corridors (ITC) development and their sections as part of national transport systems. The tariff policy and regulatory environment of the transportation process form the institutional prerequisites and cargo base of the ITC, which can become a barrier or driver of its development. The purpose of the work is assess the transport corridor development potential and increase the attractiveness of the ITC by using multimodal transportation schemes to attract cargo flows (including export) from related directions. The paper provides an analysis and development of methods for assessing the prospective transport corridor cargo base in the conditions of competition between enterprises of transport modes, taking into account the national transport network configuration. The article presents a method for assessing the cargo base in the conditions of monomodal and multimodal transportation based on logistics principles-reducing the time and cost parameters of the transportation organization scheme. The possibilities of transport modes integrative development are show in the zone of gravity of the transport corridor due to the transport in multimodal transport organization. The geographical Russian Federation «transit» location on the Eurasian continent opens up wide opportunities for the convergence of the European and Asian countries economies through the development of the ITC that runs through our territory. The article considers the prospects for the ITC «North-South» development, which depend on geopolitical and infrastructural (technological) factors. The technological factor relate to such problems of the Russian transport system as the congestion of infrastructure at the approaches to the ports of the Azov-black sea basin, the Moscow-Likhaya-Rostov-on-don-Krasnodar railway, etc., which directly affect the potential of the transport corridor. A graphical diagram present main railway and automobile communications of the ITC «North - South» and road network with distances for tariff calculations.

In the context of the objectives of and compliance with transportation of corridors for rolling stock and improving the technology of transportation of different modes of transport considered minimization of the geometric factor in positioning navigation, peculiarities of determination of errors of coordinate of the moving objects along physically fixed trajectories on the plane, it is proved the statement about the possibility of recovery of the trajectory of the mobile point on the plane with continuous or discrete measurements of one coordinate.

The purpose of the work is to analyze and assess the structure of economic development and the impact of the «economic space» on railway transport in Uzbekistan, to consider the use of container block train technology. Scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, classification, mathematical statistics, economic analysis, mathematical technical modeling are used. The following results were obtained. The dynamics of the development of cargo transportation in Uzbekistan is assessed on the basis of GDP data. The volume of provided transportation and the use of modes of transport by the volume of shipped products is considered. Of these, the number of goods shipped in Uzbekistan from railway transport, the dynamics of the volume of transportation of certain types of cargo in containers. According to the dynamics of the growth of cargo transportation, a decrease in growth was revealed in 2020 and associated with the pandemic, but in general there are steady growth rates. It is concluded that along with the ongoing work on the renovation and reconstruction of railway tracks, it is necessary to take measures to optimize the entire chain of cargo transportation by containerization, so the use of block train technology. The practical significance of the results of the study follows from the fact that the analysis of the development of transport infrastructure revealed a sharp decline in the results of transport at the end of 2019 - 2020 due to the pandemic, but at the same time, there is a reduction in the «economic space» by improving transport infrastructure, simplifying transit and customs clearance procedures, increasing transit volumes and regional trade, therefore, the logistics transportation market in the republic will grow at an accelerated pace in the coming years. Mass use of containers with the use of block train technology, so. the collection of containers from the port rear terminals, where the formation of batches of containers takes place, and their accumulation in the volumes required by the buyer for transportation by rail can also be a solution to the identified problems.

Placement and fastening of freights, at their transportation by appointment to stations of the railroads Russian Federations, is made according to provisions of Specifications of placement and fastening of freights in cars and containers TsM - 943 (TU). Requirements of the TU separate points influence not only traffic safety of trains, but also the cost of transportation and as a result - JSC «RZD».

The formalization of the problem and formulation of multicriteria select a preferred development scenario rail transportation process at the regional level, taking into account that this process is a complex system operating in a multi-variant conditions and uncertainties.

The article deals with the issues of improving the model of interaction with customers through the introduction of digitalization projects in the sphere of freight rail transport, describes the changes in the main functions of the company's divisions and technological aspects. The technological and economic effects of the development and implementation of freight transport digitalization projects on the example of improving the digital platform of interaction with customers are determined. The model of CRM-system implementation of transport services digitalization is worked out, investments on its development and implementation are defined. The main categories of risks with the greatest direct impact on the effectiveness of the new model implementation of interaction with customers are considered. The digital platform of interaction with the client allows to carry out the order of freight transportation service by rail without any additional financial and technological expenses connected with obtaining the qualified electronic signature, to simplify the organization of contractual work to obtain services and payments for them.

The article deals measures to improve the efficiency of using empty cars on the example of the East Siberian railway. The problem of the mechanism for managing cargo and empty runs has been identified. It is necessary to create the system for managing empty rolling stock. The authors consider the technology of working with the company's empty car fleet and the logistics of rolling stock through the Taishet station of the East Siberian railway. The relevance of the goal is the insufficiently developed transport and logistics infrastructure of the region located at the intersection of large transport flows, high costs of logistics operators for the empty tariff. Taking into account the prospects for the development of the station's transport and logistics infrastructure in accordance with the long-term development program of Russian Railways, there are opportunities to increase the range of types of rolling stock and cargo, including container ones. This technology, with timely provision of empty rolling stock for stations, will significantly increase the level of loading and unloading and routing of incoming empty cars. The practical significance of the considered measures is the possibility of reducing the load of some stations, reducing empty flights of rolling stock, increasing the profitability of transportation and the efficiency of using rolling stock by reducing its turnover. In General, for the network, the results will increase the capacity and transit volumes of container traffic from China to the Russian Federation, and stimulate the development of the transport business.

The authors propose the methodology of transportation on railway transport forecasting based on the construction of temporal trends.

The integration of the railways of South and North Korea will make it possible to form an international Eurasian transport corridor and ensure the transportation of goods produced in the Republic of Korea by rail. Today, South Korean cargo owners, due to the island situation, use mainly sea transport. The organization of transportation on the Trans-Korean Railway with access to the Trans-Siberian Railway and the railways of China and Mongolia will give advantages to shippers in terms of cost and time of cargo delivery. The implementation of the project on the reunification of the Trans-Korean Railway will lead to an increase in the volume of cargo and container transportation, including in rail-sea communication. In the Republic of Korea, the main transport hub is the port of Busan, which is served by rail and road transport. The Busan transport hub includes two seaports - the new and old Busan ports, railway stations serving the container terminals of the port, as well as rear terminals to which container delivery is carried out by road. Every year, the share of rail transport for the import and export of containers to the terminals of the port of Busan is less than 7 % and continues to decrease. This dynamic is associated with the presence of infrastructure, economic and technological problems of interaction between rail and sea transport in the port of Busan. The subject of this study is the analysis of the processes of interaction between different modes of transport in the new port of Busan. The purpose of the work is to develop measures to increase the capacity of the railway component of the Busan transport hub for the organization of trans-Korean transport within the framework of the Eurasian transport system. In this paper we used theoretical methods of research, including a systematic analysis and synthesis of information. As a result of the analysis of the technical equipment, operating technology and the existing railway infrastructure of the New Port of Busan, the presence of «bottlenecks» in the functioning of the «railway - seaport» system was revealed, which hinder the effective process of container transportation. The paper considers infrastructure, technological and organizational measures to increase the processing capacity of Busan transport hub facilities. The implementation of the measures under consideration will require time to change and restructure the system of interaction of transport in the process of container transshipment. It is necessary to determine the stages of infrastructure changes based on the forecast of future traffic volumes, including using simulation modeling.

Intermodal transportation management is a complex and responsible process. When carrying out international and intercontinental contrailer transportation, rail transport is traditionally used. The task of railway transport is to ensure transportation along the so-called «land bridges» - land sections where the route begins or ends, or through which it passes in transit. Despite a significant level of computerization and informatization, the level of delays in the delivery of goods in the field of contrailer intermodal transportation does not decrease. The unsatisfactory progress of the contrailer trains is a significant factor in the occurrence of these delays. This problem is common, and not only appears before intermodal operators operating the Siberian and Eurasian continental land bridges, which pass through the territory of Russia and Kazakhstan, respectively, and for the delivery of goods from Japan, South Korea and Taiwan to the countries of Eastern Europe. Named problem applies to the American and Canadian land bridges, through which Japanese goods reach consumers in the United States and Canada and through the ports of Germany and the Netherlands to consumers in Western Europe. This situation is due to the lack of effective approaches to the construction of control systems that would demonstrate a high level of efficiency in conditions of uncertainty, which is a natural component of the transportation process.

In the article presents the network model of processes of planning and the accounting of transportations, and also processes of execution of documentation at freight dispatch in the intra republican message of the railroads of Uzbekistan by means of composite document management. Composite document management provides the movements of documents in paper and in electronic medium, and also their composite decisions. The special the automated system (AS) will support processes of electronic document management and to make the reporting in the automated mode. For mathematical modeling of process of document management in this work it is used methods of network planning and management. It is described characteristics of the offered technology of planning and the accounting of transportations, and also execution of carriage documents at freight dispatch in the intra republican. It is applied, the PERT method for calculation of accidental temporary characteristics of works. Temporary characteristics of events are determined by a method of a critical way. Tables with the sequence of works with the indication of optimistic, probabilistic and pessimistic assessment of duration of performance, and also with results of calculations for determination of average time and dispersion are made. The network schedule of works, in compliance of technology of document management by means of which terms of performance of work are evaluated, entering document management process is made. Durations of critical and noncritical ways are determined. The results received in article confirm efficiency of the offered technology of document management. Use of this technology providing filling of documents electronically and fixing with the digital signature (DS), it is expected to lower expenses of time of consignors and the railroad, to increase productivity of works and quality of the provided services, to create the centralized information base.

In the context of the sanctions policy of Western countries the main economic partners of Russia and consumers of commodity flows are the countries of the Asia-Pacific region (APR). According to the results of 8 months of 2022, the trade turnover between the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China (PRC), according to the General Customs Administration of the People's Republic of China, increased by 31,4 % and amounted to $ 117,2 billion [1]. The People's Republic of China borders on the southern regions of the Russian Far East - the Amur Region, the EAO, the Primorsky, Zabaikalsky and Khabarovsk Territories. There are 9 border checkpoints located in the Khabarovsk Territory: air, river, mixed, automobile, sea, which makes it possible to form new multimodal transport routes for the delivery of foreign trade goods. The purpose of the work is to consider alternative options for multimodal transportation of foreign trade cargo flows through the transport network of the Khabarovsk Territory and transshipment points of the Amur Basin. The objectives of this study are: analysis of the volume of foreign trade turnover between Russia and China, development of technological schemes for the transportation of containers in the direction of «river ports of China - Khabarovsk River Port (RF) - land transport - western regions», consideration of promising routes for the transportation of foreign trade goods through cargo and passenger checkpoints «Pokrovka - Zhaohe» and Bolshoy Ussuriysky Island of the Amur swimming pool. The subject of this study is the transport and logistics infrastructure of international multimodal routes of the Amur Basin. In this work, theoretical research methods are used, including system analysis and synthesis of information. The article examines the characteristics of the terminal and logistics infrastructure of the Amur Basin river ports, the dynamics of container transportation by river transport from the ports of China to the terminals of the Khabarovsk River Port, gives a feasibility study for the organization of a permanent customs control zone at the Khabarovsk II station, and also describes the advantages of using the Pokrovka - Zhaohe border checkpoint as an element of an alternative multimodal container transportation routes. In the final part of the work, a description of the simulation model of the operation of a mixed (automobile-river) checkpoint in the presence of customs and transit terminals for assessing the capacity of border checkpoints of the Far Eastern District is presented.