Formation of a mathematical model of electric locomotives 2es6 vertical oscillations taking into account the dynamics wheel-motor units

The article presents an analysis of the failures of the mechanical components of the mainline electric locomotives 2ES6 «Sinara» in operation at the landfill of the West Siberian Railway, the causes and consequences of failures of the most vulnerable nodes are determined. The analysis of failures of the mechanical components showed that a significant share of them falls on the components of the wheel-motor unit of the locomotive. The analysis of the design features of the crew part is carried out. The main structural difference of suspension is the absence of leaf springs in the axle box stage, which were widely used on electric locomotives of previous generations. In the body stage, helical springs (Flexicoil) are used instead of the cradle suspension. The connection of the traction motor with the trolley frame is a pendulum. The suspension of the traction motor to the trolley frame is carried out through a leash. When considering the vibrations of railway carriages, it is customary to represent the locomotive and the track as a single mechanical system. The task of forming a mathematical model of the «electric locomotive - path» system is set and a mathematical model of vertical vibrations of an electric locomotive is formed taking into account the dynamics of wheel-motor blocks based on the Lagrange equation of the second kind in the form of a matrix equation, which allows us to assess the loading of mechanical components in operation. The mathematical model represents a system of differential equations in which six equations determine the fluctuations of the bouncing and galloping of the body and trolleys, four - the galloping of wheel-motor blocks, four - the bouncing of wheel pairs together with the reduced mass of the track. The obtained mathematical model makes it possible to determine the level of dynamic loading of the components of the mechanical part of the electric locomotive 2ES6 «Sinara» by integrating the matrix equation using the MathCAD application package.