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The development of the system is accompanied by the diagnostics of their achievement in the technical system. Using the possibility of identifying defects in nodal technical systems in the early stages of their occurrence in order to timely and promptly anticipate, the emergence of work productivity, identify simple repair time, identify material costs for replacement or deep restoration. Railway transport is also at the stage of a wide identification of various components and parts of the rolling stock. the appointment of diagnostic systems is a locomotive fleet, as a more identified technical unit. Today, the locomotive fleet uses hardware and software diagnostic complexes, microprocessor-based diagnostic systems, on-board and track monitoring systems that cover the entire range of diagnostic data of the main technical units. However, the use of the availability of systems requires constant improvement of the mathematical model of diagnosis. One of the options for choosing diagnostic models is the use of artificial intelligence research methods - sections of artificial neural networks, which, in comparison with the classical polynomial regression properties, are manifested by the properties of extrapolation accuracy and are applicable for predicting the values of diagnostic parameters according to the data that were due to the sampling of an artificial neural network. These characteristics make it possible to predict the development of defects and possible failures safely and accurately to obtain them and obtain an economic result. The paper presents an example of the development of a diagnostic artificial neural network model for diagnosing oil starvation of motor-axial bearings of the wheel-motor block of a cargo mainline electric locomotive of the 3ES5K «Ermak» series. This factor has a low level of reliability, so the use of continuous diagnostics is required, which requires the use of a point in time.

Wearing parts of the cylinder-piston group and crank mechanism is one of the main reasons for putting a diesel engine into repair. Timely detection of the occurrence of intense wear allows you to prevent negative consequences, make timely repairs, eliminate the likelihood of unplanned exit of the locomotive from service. As a result of the study of the intensity of accumulation of wear products in engine oil, a mathematical model has been developed, which is implemented with the use of an artificial neural network apparatus. Its use allows to carry out an operational assessment of the technical condition of diesel engine parts in an in dividing way and to improve the technological process of repairing diesel engines of the D49 type

The article is devoted to assessing the influence of diagnostic parameters for assessing the technical condition of the collector profile of rolling stock traction motors on the value of the mechanical force in the «brush-collector» contact. The results of the experimental studies of the parameters of the collector profile for traction motors EK810Ch of mainline electric locomotives 2ES6 are presented. Four-stage numerical experimental studies were carried out for the following conditions: the first stage - the height differences of the lamellas and harmonics were taken into account; the second stage - the height differences of the lamellas are taken into account without the influence of harmonics (with reduced beating); the third stage - harmonics are taken into account without the influence of differences in the heights of the lamellas (with reduced beating); the fourth stage - harmonics are taken into account without the influence of differences in the heights of the lamellas (with a multiplying factor up to a given beat). Using a mathematical model of brush movement along the collector, a degree of relationship was established between the diagnostic parameters that characterize the state of the traction motor collector profile, with the value of the mechanical force in the «brush - collector» contact. A diagnostic parameter is proposed that characterizes the spread of mechanical force values in the «brush - collector» contact of a traction motor, determined from the ratio of the force of elastic interaction of the brush with the collector and the average value of this force. An analysis of the results of the numerical experiment showed that the contact instability coefficient is largely determined by the value of the standard deviation of the lamella drops and, to a small extent, depends on the values of the harmonic amplitudes. The harmonic composition of the collector profile has practically no effect on the value of the contact instability coefficient at small values of the lamella drops. It is concluded that it is possible to use diagnostic parameters for assessing the state of the traction motor commutator surface to determine possible poor contact between the brush and the commutator. It is proposed to evaluate the quality of repair of collectors of traction motors taking into account the standard deviation of the differences of the lamella.

The paper describes the physical nature of the occurrence of disturbing forces in traction gears during intermating teeth and determination of the amplitude-frequency content of the spectrum. In addition, the experimentally determined defects arising elements locomotive traction gearing.

It was shown that during operation, under the influence of high alternating loads is change of physical and mechanical properties of the metal, which leads to decrease in toughness. New method for estimate residual resource of components freight cars railway transport is presented. This method is based on the study of structural changes metals during their exploitation. On the basis of monitoring structural changes in metals during their exploitation may be developed effective system estimate of residual resource.

The reasons of a case-type vibration in the frictionless bearings in the assembled machine are studied. The method of identification of the radial clearances in the bearings without disassembling is suggested on the basis of the conducted measurements and analysis. The algorithm of vibrational prognostication of operating conditions of the frictionless bearings in the locomotive traction motors is suggested and grounded

On the basis of a previously proposed General method of using a database of measurements onboard system parameters diesel generator set of shunting locomotives a technique of determining the distribution law of the values characterizing the intensity of change of current of the traction generator, evaluation parameters, determining a model function of the parameter changes on the overhaul period. The technique and criteria for assessing the technical condition of the diesel generator set of the observed locomotive using the model function are given

Modern locomotive on board microprocessor-based control systems (MSU) can be used for not only controlling locomotive equipment, but for analyzing the process of their functioning too by means of mathematical statistics. It is confirmed by authors of this article. Through the article is offered method of nearby-failure condition diagnostic by the means of MSU data correlation analysis.

In this article, the main methods of technical diagnostics of diesel fuel equipment are considered. The faults they detect are listed. The principles of the methods work are examined in detail, the shortcomings and advantages of the chosen methods are revealed.

The article describes the priorities in the sphere tokosеma to improve traffic safety, the development of high-speed and high-speed traffic. To ensure the normal functioning of traffic and rail transport need uninterrupted transmission of electricity. Diagnosis of elements of contact network is one of the important task to prevent power system faults, including those that could lead to an emergency situation. The article deals with the built-in diagnostic system, how they work, an embodiment of their application.

The expediency of introducing dynamic models of defect development into the practice of vibration diagnostics of rotor mechanical units is substantiated. It is shown that as a basis for the creation of models it is advisable to use empirical data. An example of a dynamic model of a small gear defect of a wheel-gear unit is given. The approximate amount of work on the creation of dynamic models is determined. Methods of realization of dynamic models of defects "in the big" are offered.

The article presents the results of the research conducted by the authors, the purpose of which was to development a model for recognizing defects in axle caps of a wheel-motor block of a locomotive in order to implement automatic advance notification of management structures about the need for maintenance or repair operations to eliminate defects at an early stage of their occurrence. The research used the following interdisciplinary and mathematical methods: computer and mathematical modeling, methods of mathematical statistics, methods of the theory of artificial intelligence and parametric reliability. As a result of the research, a mathematical formalization of the model for recognizing one of the defects in the axle caps of the wheel-motor block of the locomotive - the groove (chipping) of the babbitt layer was obtained. With the help of the obtained model, it is possible to implement automatic recognition of defects, pre-failure states not only of axle caps, but also of other units of technical systems. The developed model can be used in monitoring systems, control, diagnostics of the technical condition of the locomotive fleet, in order to reduce downtime in repairs and forced costs for scheduled operations. The proposed model solves the range of problems described in the development concept of JSCo Russian Railways associated with the implementation of the actual repair system for the current technical condition of the locomotive, as well as with the digitalization of the company's advanced areas.

The urgency of the task of creating test signals of vibration. Described possible ways of implementation of the test vibration signals. A method of forming a test signal by adjusting amplitudes of the individual harmonic components of the vibration signal. Showing the results of modeling. Shows the possible effect of using the proposed method.

In the article the author presents a logical-linguistic model, providing a sufficient depth and completeness of diagnostics with fulfillment of all required testing instructions and standards. Diagnostic features for every required testing were determined in order to build the suggested model. The results of a diagnostic model development were applied and successfully tested on various types of electrical sections

The contact network is one of the most vulnerable elements of the traction power supply system. The prevailing number of events in the power supply sector is connected with the contact network. The article is devoted to the method of contactless diagnostics of the contact network of electrified Railways. The paper proposes to use a method for diagnostics of the contact network based on optical elements, followed by digital data processing and calculation of geometric parameters. This method is characterized by a low cost of the device in contrast to analogues and high accuracy of calculation. The analysis and selection of optimal installation locations for optical devices is given. The method of contactless diagnostics of wires of the contact network of electrified Railways is presented.

The article develops the topical issue of choosing diagnostic parameters to assess the technical condition of the collector profile of traction electric motors of rolling stock. The results of experimental studies of the collector profile after repair and after carrying out acceptance tests for various traction electric motors of mainline locomotives: TL-2K1 (VL-10), EK810Ch (2ES6), ED133 (2TE116U) are presented. The relationship between the calculated parameters for assessing the reservoir profile using the mathematical apparatus of correlation analysis with a ranking on the Chaddock scale is revealed. A different degree of relationship has been established between the diagnostic parameters that characterize the state of the traction motor collector profile, while most of the known diagnostic parameters have a pronounced correlation with each other. A variety of diagnostic parameters are considered, which can be described by generalized parameters characterizing the reservoir profile. It is concluded that it is possible to use identical diagnostic parameters to assess the surface condition of the traction motor collector at various stages of repair and maintenance. On the basis of the studies carried out, diagnostic parameters have been identified that have diagnostic value and are not related to each other by correlations.

The aim of this article is an advancement of state estimation process of traction machines insulation. Diagnosis method brief analysis is given. The structure of traction machines insulation state automated full-service diagnosis system developing is offered, as well as the operation algorithm of the system. The algorithm of testing results estimation based on diagnosis characteristics group is given.

In the article the peculiarities and the advantages of using dynamic modes for diagnosing units of rolling stock. Specific examples of the diagnostics of separate units of the locomotive vibration, temperature, electrical parameters, frequency of rotation. The urgency of the task of developing diagnostic systems using the reference models.

A method for remote diagnosis of suspended porcelain insulators based on the pulse method is proposed. The form of test pulses for diagnosing isolators in the area of the DC contact network is determined. The main diagnostic parameters of the supplied and recorded pulses are given and calculated. The possibility of determining the distance to the faulty garland depending on the amplitude value of the diagnostic pulse has been revealed. The change of the peak value of the pulse decay depending on the resistance of the insulator string is considered. The proposed method allows localizing the position of a faulty insulator string at the DC power supply section, and subsequently reliably determining the faulty insulator in the festoon.

The article discusses the control systems for mechanical vibrations on the basis of improved modernized nonlinear inverse dynamics algorithms and its use for vibratory stands of technical diagnostics to diagnose mechanical products of railway transport systems.

The aim of this article is results representing of work focused to automation of electrical machines armature coils diagnostics process based on wave response method. Technical decisions used in development of mobile device for insulation diagnostics via wave response method described. Techniques of generalized diagnostics coefficient calculation described. Article presents test results of NB436V and NB-431P auxiliary machines installed VL-10 electromotive.

Various converters are operated at electric railways traction substations whose rectifiers design includes plug-in power rectifiers and pill ones. Such a variety of rectifiers design causes the problem of the power supply reliable operation unavailability both of volumes and of quality information concerning the characteristics and diagnostic parameters of power semiconductors rectifiers. For a possible prediction of the diodes and thyristors proper operation, new instruments as well as simple technologies of the preventive diagnostics, correspondent to the state and industry standards and instructions should be developed. One of the most accurate methods to determine not only the serviceability of rectifiers but also to forecast their wear - life, is the diagnostic method of recurrent peak backward current. This method is the basis for the design of a peak backward current meter which is used on the Western-Siberian railway. Using this device the screening of about thirty thousand rectifiers was carried out which resulted in the sorting of out-of-work rectifiers, predicting long term rectifiers conditions. The statistical analysis of the research allowed to determine the number of measures to improve the reliability of traction substations converters.

The article presents statistical studies of acoustic control signals when diagnosing power transformers of the railway power supply system. Statistical processing of acoustic monitoring data was carried out on the example of transformers with different levels of insulation condition. Comparisons of histograms of the experimental distribution of amplitudes and dominant frequencies of signals with the nearest theoretical distribution laws, performed in the STATISTICA program according to control data obtained from the automated system. The conducted studies have shown a close correlation of defects registered by the acoustic method with the distribution of signals in the form of laws of distribution of random variables. It is shown that for power transformers with mechanical oscillations, both during the passage of the train and at idle, the distribution of amplitudes and dominant frequencies of the recorded signals corresponds to a uniform law. The distribution of amplitudes and dominant frequencies is not centered around a certain average value. For power transformers containing partial discharges, the cause of which is the deterioration of the insulating properties of the windings under the influence of high voltage, the best approximation, both amplitudes and dominant frequencies, showed the Lognormal distribution. The signals are centered around a characteristic mean value. When the train passes, the acoustic system registers both high-frequency signals from the PD and low-frequency signals from body vibrations. There are two components in the distribution law - uniform and lognormal distribution densities. Thus, by the type of distribution of the recorded signals, their amplitude and dominant frequency, it is possible to determine the presence of a defective state of the insulation of power transformers. The study was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research within the framework of the scientific project No. 20-38-90231.

The factors affecting the operational reliability of the assembly platform of a rail service car maintaining the repair and installation on the railways are considered in the paper. An assessment and analysis of a system of quantitative indices of reliability is performed, the methods for their separate determination by mechanical equipment and hydro and electrical equipment is described. The strategy of maintenance and repair combined with the use of methods and means of a modern diagnostic system is considered; it ensures the estimation of the object reliability during its design, operation and repair.

The operational reliability of the electrification and power supply system and the associated traffic safety is mainly determined by the technical condition of the contact network-an element that is extremely difficult to reserve in any way. The state of the contact network devices of the East Siberian railway is indirectly characterized by periods of electrification of sections. The equipment of the contact network, put into operation in the 1960s and 1970s, has developed its design life, does not have the required load capacity enough and reduces the reliability of the electrified section. The article shows that the purpose of improving the reliability of electrical equipment in the operation of power supply devices is to predict the state of its elements, in particular the metal supports of the contact network, as an object of study. Correctly assess the state and resource of the contact network devices will allow the use of the latest diagnostic systems by personnel in practice, using mathematical apparatus and modeling methods. It is shown that by monitoring various parameters characterizing the support, it is possible to detect a change in the technical condition of the object of study in time and to carry out maintenance in the period of time when there are deviations of parameters beyond unacceptable limits. The statistical data on the state of the support economy at the VSZHD are summarized, the main types of damage to metal support and supporting structures are given. It is shown that new types of damage to metal structures, not classified earlier, are revealed, that qualitative and quantitative assessment of the state of metal supports of the contact network, which have various structural damage is possible using methods, modeling, simulation and evaluation of the state of structures. FEMAP, an independent computer-aided design system from Siemens PLM, is used as an independent full-featured environment for modeling, simulation and evaluation of the results of the analysis of the characteristics of metal supports of the M6/10 model