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The wheelset and its components (the axle and the wheel) are subject to technical regulation. Therefore, in order to establish the assigned service life in accordance with TRCU 001/2011 (Technical Regulations of the Customs Union) and the examination frequency taking into account the durability parameters of rolling stock components in accordance with VNIIZhT RD 27.05.01-2017, it is necessary to assess the operational loading obtained from the running testing results, with respect to the part strength characteristics which are calculated during the bench tests. At present, to estimate the stress-strain state (SSS) in various machine-building structures, the strain measurement method is widely used, which allows to assess their performance with high accuracy. However, determining the SSS of a wheelset is not only a difficult task due to the constant rotation and movement of the wheelset relative to the bogie, but also expensive due to the employment of special non-contact measuring systems. Development of a dynamic model using modern software systems allows determination the stress-strain state of the wheelset elements by creating dynamic models as a system of perfectly rigid and elastic bodies connected by strength members and hinges. To confirm the adequacy of the parameters obtained in the simulation, verification is carried out according to the results of running dynamic strength tests. Thus, using the obtained model of the rolling stock and the track it is possible to make life and durability assessment as well as optimize the main rolling stock components. On the example of a freight gondola car model, a diagram of the dependence of dynamic stress amplitude distribution on the frequency of the occurrence in the wheel has been obtained, and considering the results of the earlier bench tests of standard specimens and full-scale wheels the period has been determined for durability from the moment of crack initiation in the wheel up to its fracture, as well as the assessment of the safety factor for durability is given.

When modeling the traction power supply systems, reflecting the processes of interaction of electric traction power supply and mobile electrical loads (electric and electric) is one of the elements of movement imitation organization trains in space. The effect of moving trains in simulations (MI) in MatLab on schedule at the analyzed site traffic necessitates sequential switching models of electric rolling stock (EPS) to the traction network, so that its effect is realized by moving the site. However, in this case, there really is not the processes taking place in reality. This is due to the realization of the simulation method of discrete movements, characterized in that the CSE, one located on a cell - the traction network model at one time, thereafter jumps to another. While EPS previous cell is switched off and switched on the next cell. Thus there does not exist in reality switching processes that distort the results of the studies. Methods to reduce the negative consequences of such distortions are addressed in this article.

The article is devoted to the research of the of wind load effect on the aerodynamic component to the movement of a freight train. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the impact of aerodynamic resistance on the consumption of fuel and energy resources (FER) on train traction. The article shows the high significance of this problem for Joint Stock Company Russian Railways (RZD JSC). The conclusions were drawn from the analysis of statistical data on the routes of locomotive drivers, working on the Pallasovka-Verkhniy Baskunchak section, which is undergone to wind loads. The SOLIDWORKS application was used to design a train with a locomotive and gondola cars coupled on an embankment, and SOLIDWORKS Flow Simulation plug-in was used to simulate wind load, different in speed, varying from 0 to 90º. The values of the force of aerodynamic resistance to movement for the train as a whole and for each unit of the rolling stock separately were obtained. Using the methods of the theory of train traction, the influence of aerodynamic drag on fuel consumption for traction has been assessed. Based on the obtained values of the aerodynamic drag forces and patterns of air flow distribution, conclusions were drawn about the effect of loading a gondola car on an increase in traffic resistance. Conclusions are drawn about the effect of wind load on each unit of rolling stock in the train. It was found that when the wind is directed at an angle to the axis of the path, the force of the wind effect increases, compared with the case when the angle between the axis of the path and the velocity vector is zero. The experimental data on the increase in resistance from the wind load are confirmed by theoretical calculation, as well as practical processing of routes machinists. This article demonstrates the need for a separate regulation of fuel and energy resources in the event of wind loads, and may be useful in further detailed study of the aerodynamic drag of freight trains.

In this article the problems of efficiency of functioning of production systems of the locomotive repair enterprise are solved. In particular, the object of research is the technological processes of repair and maintenance of electric locomotives at the enterprises for repair of traction rolling stock. The article presents a mathematical description of the production process of such enterprises, on the example of the service locomotive depot «Moskovka». The mathematical model is described on the basis of queueing theory (QS) and Markov chains. A graph of the technological state of the locomotive during repair in the depot, where the process of transition of the repaired rolling stock from the state to the state, i.e. the relationship of technological movements of the electric locomotive on the territory of the depot, as well as the time of technological operations described transition matrix. The distribution of repair requests is described by the Poisson law, the delay of the electric locomotive in the depot areas in the planned types of repair in accordance with the accepted norm, and in the unplanned form of repair, the applications are delayed in accordance with the distribution of erlang. Based on the results of the mathematical description of the model of the production process of the repair enterprise, a simulation model of the operation of the Moskovka depot was created, implemented on a computer with the help of professional software of a new generation - AnyLogic. The paper describes the logic diagram of the simulation model, selected methods and modeling libraries. According to the results of the study, the overall assessment of technological performance indicators of the locomotive repair enterprise, in the conditions of probabilistic, dynamic changes in the repair task. By means of the methods of research of technological processes of depot «Moskovka» realized in article, it is possible to design any repair enterprises on repair of a rolling stock of the railroads, for the purpose of identification of «bottlenecks» of production process.

One of the properties of the reliability of the power supply of electric rolling stock of railways is the trouble-free operation of the traction power supply system in various modes of its operation. For post-emergency and forced modes of operation of the traction power supply system, a decrease in load capacity is characteristic. In order to ensure the throughput and carrying capacity of the railway section by traction power supply devices, it is proposed to consider the use of electric power storage devices on electric rolling stock and in the traction power supply system. Studies conducted by domestic and foreign researchers allow us to evaluate the effectiveness of alternative solutions to improve the reliability of power supply, which include various options for the use of electric power storage devices on electric rolling stock and in the traction power supply system. This article presents the results of a review of these solutions, a simulation model of a traction power supply system and an electric rolling stock with power storage devices based on various batteries and a supercapacitor is proposed. Modeling of changes in the modes of operation of the traction power supply system is carried out taking into account the state control of switching devices. The calculation results allow us to estimate the voltage drop at the output of electric power storage devices, including taking into account the exponential zone of the discharge characteristics of batteries, to estimate the voltage change for a given electric traction load depending on the energy intensity of the storage device, made on the basis of the most common types of batteries and a supercapacitor.

The subject of the study is the process of applying optical technologies for non-contact measurements of geometric parameters of a wagon wheelset during operation and repair. The purpose of the study is to study the methods of field testing of technologies for controlling the geometric parameters of car parts using an optical rangefinder, with mutual verification of the results obtained using numerical modeling using three-dimensional digital models of objects and measuring instruments. As a result of the study, experimental and calculated dependences of the optical sensor readings were obtained during the change in the relative position of the measuring object (wheelset) and the rangefinder. Two laser triangulation rangefinders were used for field tests. For numerical simulation, a program was created that allows generating a three-dimensional model of the rolling surface of a wheelset consisting of a set of points belonging to the surface of rotation. The simulation consists in finding the intersection points of a line defined using the coordinates of the point of the radiation source in space and the guiding vector with the model of the skating surface. After the calculations, the result is given in the form of a table with calculated ranges and visualized as projections of a three-dimensional wire model of a wheel and a rangefinder beam. Visualization of the numerical modeling process is important to avoid misinterpretation of the calculation results and to verify compliance with the physical meaning of the numerical data obtained during modeling. Comparison of graphs shows the convergence of the results and sufficient accuracy of numerical models and techniques that can be used in the future to plan full-scale tests of the designed techniques and equipment for dimensional control of railway car parts.

A variant of application of a contact compensated chain suspension with levers and lateral current collection for a three-phase traction power supply system (TSTE) is considered. Two different-phase contact suspensions are located on different sides of the track axis. The electric rolling stock must have two current collectors that press on the contact wire from the track axis in opposite directions. The description of the design of the contact suspension as a whole and the main components, in particular, the fastening of the rods, which makes it possible to provide a vertical zigzag and limit the transverse movement of the contact wire, is made. At points at the supports, the levers are connected to the consoles and have a knot to create angular rigidity. In addition, the rotation of these levers is limited towards the axis of the path and in the opposite direction. This prevents the possibility of lashing of different-phase contact wires. In accordance with this design, a mathematical model of this contact suspension was developed based on the finite element method, which provides calculation in statics and dynamics, taking into account the current collector. To describe the pantograph, a common three-mass model is used. Based on the analysis of the results obtained using this model, the influence of the design parameters of the suspension, cross wind and the speed of the pantograph movement on the quality of the current collection is determined, the limits of applicability of the suspension under consideration, depending on the value of these parameters, are established. It has been determined that, in contrast to a conventional contact suspension with a vertical current collection, for suspensions with a lateral current collection, a side wind has a significant effect on the quality of the current collection. It is the wind speed that is the main factor limiting the possibility of using a suspension with lateral current collection.

This article touches upon the energy efficiency of train traction at Russian Railways. The relevance of scientific research in this issue has been substantiated. Requirements for organizational and technical measures implemented to improve the energy efficiency of train traction are given. The groups of factors that actually affect energy efficiency indicators have been identified. The creation of an intelligent system for monitoring and planning energy efficiency of train traction is proposed. The goals and objectives of creating such a system are formulated. The main features and classes of intelligent systems in the context of their application for solving the problems indicated in the article are described. The functional diagram of the proposed system and its description are given.

The urgency of the task of creating test signals of vibration. Described possible ways of implementation of the test vibration signals. A method of forming a test signal by adjusting amplitudes of the individual harmonic components of the vibration signal. Showing the results of modeling. Shows the possible effect of using the proposed method.

The article is devoted to the improvement of the testing method of current collectors of electric rolling stock considering collision efforts from the overhead catenary. The article discusses the features of collision effects on pantographs of electric rolling stock at high speeds. An analysis of the existing methods for testing collision effects on pantographs in laboratory installations and in linear conditions has been carried out. The analysis is carried out and the drawbacks of the percussion pendulum installation for testing current collectors, described in GOST 32204-2013, are identified, and its characteristics are calculated. The design of a shock stand with smaller dimensions and expanded functionality is proposed, and its parameters and characteristics are calculated. When calculating the characteristics of the test bench, mathematical and computer modeling was applied using the MATLAB Simulink environment. The method of bench collision testing using accelerometers and high-speed video camera. It was established that the proposed test bench retains the full functionality of the test facility regulated by GOST, while having smaller dimensions and wider functionality.

The article is devoted to improving the methodology for diagnosing the technical condition of an asynchronous traction electric motor of type 1TV2822, a cargo mainline electric locomotive of the 2ES10 "Granit" series. To diagnose the inter-turn isolation of the stator windings, a structural model of a closed asynchronous traction motor system of type 1TV2822 is proposed. The results of modeling the operational mode and emergency mode of operation of a traction electric motor are presented, using digital processing of current waveforms in the stator winding, logarithmic spectrograms of the stator current are obtained, graphs of the pseudo spectrum of the power of the logarithmic spectral component of the stator current as operable, and an emergency traction asynchronous electric motor of type 1TV2822 with an inter-turn circuit in the stator winding.Based on the analysis of the power pseudo spectrum graph performed using digital processing of the current curve waveform in the MATLAB program package, the logarithmic powers of the current spectrum in the stator winding are presented, which serve to build an on-board adaptive system for diagnostics of asynchronous traction electric motors of the type 1TV2822 of the electric locomotive 2ES10 «Granite».

The article deals with the question of methodology stop imitation modeling when using modern instruments of mental resources, which are, for example, was Wednesday MatLab. In particular, analysis of factors that determine the duration of the simulation for a given level of accuracy desired results.

To increase the level of mechanization and automation of the assembly processes of rail and sleepers, link assembly lines are installed at the production bases of the track machine stations. In 2012, a semi-automatic link assembly line of KB03 brand was introduced on the Belarusian Railways for the assembly of a rail-and-sleep grid on reinforced concrete sleepers with an SB-3 intermediate fastening. Increasing the productivity of this line is a priority area in research, since in modern conditions there is an increase in the volume of overdue railway track repairs. In the course of the study, it was determined that the most rational solution for studying the work of a link assembly line and finding ways to increase the productivity of its work is to use simulation tools. After studying the technical and other accompanying documentation, a simulation model of the KB03 assembly line was developed. Then the developed model was validated, during which it was found trustworthy and suitable for experiments. Based on the analysis of the results of the experiments carried out on the model, solutions were formed to control the production process of the KB03 assembly line to obtain the maximum increase in its productivity. The calculation of the economic feasibility of introducing the proposed changes and adjustments to the technological process of the link assembly line in production was carried out.

The article analyzes the components of the energy efficiency of regenerative braking and the factors influencing the effectiveness of the use of regenerative braking and energy recovery. Methods of evaluating the energy efficiency of recovery and the results of experimental studies of the effectiveness of recovery. Achieved justification for the use of the method of simulation modeling as a method for evaluating the potential of regenerative braking. It shows the sequence of the work.

This paper considers a continuous automatic locomotive signalling (CALS) receiver with a correlation decoder. The aim of this paper is to investigate the influence of harmonic interference from a high-voltage power line on the operation of a non-linear CALS receiver with a correlation decoder. The experimental study of the quality of operation of a non-linear CALS receiver with a correlation decoder under the influence of harmonic interference from high-voltage power lines was carried out using the simulation method. Simulation models of interference from a high-voltage power line (VPL), a receiver and a correlation decoder of the CALS channel were used in the study. The analysis of oscillograms obtained as a result of the study has shown that the correlation decoder has a number of features due to the algorithm of its functioning. The correlation decoder more confidently accepts code combinations with a duration of 1.6s (generated by the code track transmitter of CTT-5 type), than the duration of 1.86s (generated by the code track transmitter CTT-7). This is expressed in a shorter time interval of disturbance of the CALS non-linear receiving device. At decoding of the code combination (CC) with the duration of both 1.6 s and 1.86 s the situation of short-term decoding of the more permissive CC «Y» instead of «RY» was observed. However, the duration of these situations did not exceed two code cycles and would not have caused a more permissive light to appear at the locomotive traffic light. In general, the experiments have shown that the CALS CC correlation decoding algorithm needs improvement for more confident decoding of CCs produced by a code track transmitter of the CTT-7 type(1.86 s).

The article discusses the control systems for mechanical vibrations on the basis of improved modernized nonlinear inverse dynamics algorithms and its use for vibratory stands of technical diagnostics to diagnose mechanical products of railway transport systems.

Development of innovative methods and hardware gives additional opportunities for the solution of various tasks. For example, innovations allow increasing safety in places of crossing highways and railroads by means of detection methods of objects in the required control zone. The big risk of emergencies in places as a railway crossing is caused by a high speed and the inertial movement of the train. In this connection, there is no possibility of timely braking of the train and prevention of collision with an obstacle. At the present time, the biggest percent of accident rate belongs to uncontrollable railway crossings. On such railway crossings completely are absent the blocking means or the warning technical tools. Controlled railway crossings are equipped with the blocking means for the automobiles. Also, they are equipped with the systems of video supervision. But the current systems of video supervision have no function of informing the driver of the train in an emergency. Therefore, to priorities belongs development of technical requirements for a hardware and software system. The automatic analysis of a dynamic situation in borders of a railway crossing, transfer to the driver of the approaching train of the required information belongs to priorities too. This work describes briefly main algorithms of computer vision which allow distinguishing any object on a railway crossing. The example of algorithmic modeling of detection of contours and allocation of a background on video has been considered in this work. Received results led to the conclusion about a necessary adaptation of modern computer vision algorithms for the solution of a detection problem of various objects with the required accuracy and in various working conditions.

The work is devoted to the consideration of the possibility of using composite materials with an aluminum matrix in the design of electric transport pantographs. Currently, there is a tendency to increase the speeds of electric transport. This fact requires reliable and high-quality current collection, which can be achieved by reducing the mass of the current collector design, including through the use of composite materials. The possibility of using composite materials in parts and assemblies of current collectors operating under conditions of increased current loads and at high speeds of movement and the mechanical characteristics of the traditional ones used in the carriage design and the composite materials proposed for use are analyzed. The design of a carriage of high-speed electric rolling stock has been developed, in which an aluminum matrix composite material was used as a structural material. Statistical modeling using the finite element method in the SOLIDWORKS Simulation software package was performed. Comparison of the strength characteristics of carriage assemblies made of traditional materials and aluminum matrix composite showed the possibility of reducing their weight in the case of composite use without reducing the strength of structural elements. The static characteristic of the carriage in which the composite material was used coincides with the static characteristic of the carriage made of traditional materials, which confirms the possibility of using an aluminum matrix composite without making significant changes to the carriage design. To evaluate the dynamic characteristics of the composite carriage and its effect on the dynamic characteristics of the pantograph, modeling was carried out using the methods of multibody modeling of SOLIDWORKS Motion. The obtained simulation results indicate an improvement in dynamic characteristics when using composite materials, which has a beneficial effect on the reliability and quality of current collection.

The article deals with the issue of improving the energy efficiency of DC and AC electric locomotives operated at the enterprises of JSC “Russian Railways». The main goals and objectives of the development program and energy strategy of JSC «Russian Railways» are analyzed and briefly considered. In accordance with these tasks, the relevance of scientific research in the field of improving the energy efficiency of electric locomotives is substantiated. The current data on traction rolling stock, on modern traction resource management systems and on Russian and foreign scientific research in the field of energy efficiency are analyzed. As a result of the analysis, it was found that most of the studies are aimed at studying the influence of key operational factors on energy efficiency indicators, so, in this case, on the specific power consumption for train traction. However, the reverse question has been poorly studied - the selection of the train mass and the technical speed on the basis of a preliminary assessment of the specific power consumption for train traction by analyzing the statistical data of trips on a certain section of the railway. The purpose of this study is to assess the possibility and develop a method for determining the optimal values of the key parameters of the operation of electric freight locomotives in order to achieve maximum operational efficiency in relation to them according to the criterion of energy efficiency. Two models were created in the program «Complex of calculations of traction power supply» (CORTES) - for DC and AC electric locomotives, describing the dependence of the energy efficiency indicator (specific power consumption for train traction) on operational indicators, such as the train mass and the technical speed. The initial data for further modeling were obtained by modeling trips on a conditional site.

The article discusses the assessment of the impact of train schedule on the amount of electricity consumption for traction on sections of DC I-th profile type way. The proposed parameters of the train schedule, influencing the electricity consumption for traction on sections of DC I-th profile type way. The major scheduling options included statistical quantities and parameters characterizing the conditions of the batch passing trains, stop and solid thread schedules for truck-driving. Based on simulation modeling provided the main based on changes in the volume of electric energy for traction on the plot of the traction electric supply system when changing the parameters of the timetable. The dependences of the volume change of electrical energy for traction allow you to evaluate and determine the ranges of the parameters of the graph in which the variation of volume is minimal. in the considered ranges of the parameters of the train schedule, the amount of electricity for the areas of DC with the I-th profile type varies within 1 % with the constancy of other factors..

The article deals with the distribution of the electrostatic field around the garland of porcelain suspension insulators containing defects. Achieved the distribution simulation of the electrostatic field around insulators in the software package Elcut. We get a picture of field distribution around the insulators for the environment with different dielectric constants. A comparative analysis of simulation results and experimental studies on the basis of which revealed the possibility of diagnosing the parameters of insulators of the electrostatic field.

The analysis of functioning of difficult transport systems is provided in article, the basic principles of use of simulation modeling in the organization of transportation process on railway transport are characterized. The method of creation of object-oriented model for the description of dynamics of interaction of cargo station and a way of uncommon use is considered.

Paper is devoted to the development of an improved algorithm for calculating the traction power supply system for further practical implementation in order to improve the accuracy of calculations of the traction power supply system by combining traction and electrical calculations with considering the current train situation. The relevance of the task is due to the need to improve the accuracy of calculations of throughput and carrying capacity under the conditions of power supply devices with considering the criteria for energy efficiency of the transportation process. The available solutions to this problem in the form of ready-made software systems and algorithms are considered. A numerical experiment was carried out for the DC section in the program "Complex of calculations for traction power supply", which showed that the relative error that determines the convergence of traction and electrical calculations is from 1.6 % to 5.1 %. The main reason for the discrepancy is the insufficiently correct calculation of the voltage at the current collector of the electric rolling stock. An improved algorithm for calculating the traction power supply system is proposed. The distinguishing feature of this algorithm is the implementation of a clarifying full traction calculation before compiling instant schemes and instant electric and traction calculations. As a result of the research, a general algorithm for joint traction and electrical calculations with considering the parameters of railway sections and the current training situation has been developed,. A conclusion about the advantages of the proposed algorithm and promising directions for further research is made.

The formalization of the problem and formulation of multicriteria select a preferred development scenario rail transportation process at the regional level, taking into account that this process is a complex system operating in a multi-variant conditions and uncertainties.

In the work completed a study of shape vertices a unimodel probability density function (kurtosis) on the output of the nonlinear converter «phase shift - code, which is the most important parameter for evaluating conditions of finding mode to this function. To increase the accuracy of assessment shifts phases when there is high level of random noise is defined not only quality, but also quantitative dependence of the kurtosis probability density function on the output of the nonlinear converter «phase shift - code» of Standard deviation phase fluctuations of the signal at its input. The mathematical model of the distribution function on the output of the converter «phase shift - code» for research and implementation of algorithms improve noise immunity measure phase shifts between harmonic components of voltage and current in traction power supply rail transport networks.