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Article is devoted to actual questions of research of microstructure,physic-mechanical and tribological indicators blankets of friction couple "ring-sleeve of cylinder" under laser processing.Analysis of base defects of elements of cylinder-piston group of internal combustion engines,methods their reduction and rise of tribotechnical characteristics are conducted.Notes that different kinds of thermos and chemical thermal processing of working surface of link are most effective means of rise of wear resistance of couple "ring-sleeve of cylinder".Using of perspective technology of laser thermostrengthening is offered with this target.Offering technologies find greater application in automobile and technics of agricultural purpose. But purpose of ICE in aviation industry due to their specific exploitative and specific design features is limited.At the same time,they may have important practical meaning. Different variants of laser modification of surfaces of coupling in the context of CPG of aviation engine of ASH-62IR are offered and analyzed in article. Data of microstructural analysis of blanket,indicators of microhardness and wear resistance are adduced.Short description of tribotechnical laboratory-scale plant and methodic of conduct an experiment on base of comparative analysis of findings is given.Wherein tribotechnical indicators are compared with results of metallographical researches and physic-mechanical properties of modification layer,in particular with indicator of microhardness. Conduct of tribological researches determines that rise of indicator of wear resistance of friction couple "ring-sleeve of cylinder" observed at all researching regimes of laser effect with acconting of identified border conditions of processing for both elements of coupling.Maximum value of wear resistance is observed at laser thermostrengthening of both surfaces of couple on critical levels of density of laser energy.These levels do not case of appearance of microcracks in blanket.Wherein wearing qualities of modification surface of cylinder sleeve may increase by 4,5 - 5 times and wearing qualities of piston rings more than 3 times. Theoretical bases of mechanism of wear of thermos thermostrengthening surfaces which illustrate kinetics of increase their wear resistance in result of formation of microstructure of special blanket with increased bearing capacity,microhardness and improved conditions of wear of modification layer.Experimentally validated that the greatest wear resistance is observed in the friction elements at their mutual modifying their surfaces.

In article the new approach to calculation of power characteristics of quasiinvariant systems of suspension of mechanical objects different from other approaches by simplicity and logical clarity, however demanding the procedure of identification of the power characteristic of the compensator of external indignation of physical devices is offered.

The article suggests the method of monitoring the consumption of fuel for shunting and household works using the onboard systems. The first results of the evaluation of the effectiveness of the use of this method in the course of the experiment station «Omsk - Passenger»

Features of interaction of elements of a dynamic quencher of oscillations in the form of a rigid body with two degrees of freedom are considered. It is shown that the dynamic quencher is interpreted in structure of mechanical oscillatory system with object of protection as additional negative tie which can be presented by the generalized spring. Dynamic ruggedness of the generalized spring depends on the frequency of external indignation and defines manifestations of dynamic properties, characteristic for the modes of dynamic blanking out of oscillations. The generalized spring possesses properties of a quasi-spring that creates possibilities of various transformations of structure of system. Introduction of concept of the generalized transmission ratio of the lever ties arising between coordinates of the movement of elements of a dynamic quencher is offered. Forms of the transfer relations of lever ties are in univocity with system of the chosen coordinates. The transfer relations of lever ties allow to detail forms of mutual movements of elements of system. The method of creation of mathematical models is developed for an assessment of lever properties of movements of mechanical oscillatory systems.

Traction electric machines (TEM) of locomotives operating at the Eastern circulation range have insufficient reliability, mainly in terms of insulation breakdown, being one of the most important problems in the operation of electric rolling stock. This article discusses the method of drying wetted insulation by mobile and stationary electric heaters, which are used in the process of repairing traction electric motors of locomotives and electric trains. The problem of operating these installations is their low energy efficiency. With a constant power supply, the heating elements and the fan of the electric heater remain on during the entire drying process of the insulation, which leads to significant energy consumption, and the drying process is recorded by conducting paper workflow, recording the technical condition of the TU-152 locomotive in the log. To eliminate these shortcomings, the authors propose the modernization of the electric heating installation by introducing into it a microprocessor-based system for automatic regulation of the drying process with cloud storage technology. The article presents a block diagram of the proposed automated system, which will implement the three-cycle amplitude-latitude-discontinuous method of energy supply proposed at the FGBOU VO "IrGUPS" in the process of drying the wet insulation of the TED. Currently, cloud storage technologies have found their application in companies of various kinds of activity, it is being actively improved due to the constant increase in the amount of information that needs to be stored or transferred, and in addition, the user can have access to it from anywhere in the world. In recent years, the world has noticeably increased interest in the application of this technology in railway transport. As part of the modernization of the installation, it becomes possible to remotely control its operation, as well as store and process the information received on the drying process of wetted insulation.

The article discusses the criteria used to calculate the probability of failures of devices of the current collection system due to ice and frost deposits on a catenary. The purpose of the work is to determine the influence of climatic and operational factors (including the number of vibrating pantographs, pneumatic drums on electric locomotives within the boundaries of the Directorate for power supply and devices for mechanical cleaning of ice at power supply distances) on the probability of the occurrence of failures of the current collection system and their severity, which will allow to increase the reliability of operation of traction power supply devices in conditions of ice formation and the efficiency of investments by Transenergo and the Traction Directorate for the purchase of these funds. To determine the likelihood of failures of current collection devices due to the formation of ice on the wires of the contact network, it is proposed to divide all factors into climatic and operational. The choice of factors in predicting failures was carried out using a probabilistic Bayesian network based on statistical methods of data processing, as well as correlation and regression analysis. As a result of the research, the factors influencing the likelihood of failures of current collection devices have been determined, and their significance has been assessed using the calculated variances. A method is given for calculating the probability of failure for a conditional distance of power supply, which makes it possible to assess the adequacy of the equipment of Transenergo and Traction Directorates with devices for mechanical cleaning of ice from a contact wire, vibropantographs and pneumatic drums.

The aim of this article is an advancement of state estimation process of traction machines insulation. Diagnosis method brief analysis is given. The structure of traction machines insulation state automated full-service diagnosis system developing is offered, as well as the operation algorithm of the system. The algorithm of testing results estimation based on diagnosis characteristics group is given.

In the article the peculiarities and the advantages of using dynamic modes for diagnosing units of rolling stock. Specific examples of the diagnostics of separate units of the locomotive vibration, temperature, electrical parameters, frequency of rotation. The urgency of the task of developing diagnostic systems using the reference models.

The article proposes methodology for assessing the power loss in motor thrust bearings, the nodes of box, traction gear transmission. Revealed dependence between the power losses, the diameter of the tire wheel pair and the speed characteristic of the wheel-motor block. The results can be used to assess the technical condition and energy efficiency of traction rolling stock of Railways.

The results of measuring the components of electromagnetic interference on DC traction substations and AC.

This article describes the features of the calculation of the unsteady wave processes in the system of traction electric supply. Mathematical model for calculation of wave processes at contact networks based on modified Laplace transform combined with using Fourier series. Practiced modeling of power supply system for identifying characteristics of wave processes in traction networks.

In this article, with the help of software, the relationship between the structure of the material of the brake pad and the temperature distribution of thermal stress on it is established. Spatio-temporal distributions of thermal stresses were analytically determined for the surface layer of the friction element based on the model of a three-section brake pad with non-fixed edges. At present, shoe brake is widely used for freight trains. It converts dynamic energy into thermal energy using the friction between the pads and the wheel, and then dissipates the thermal energy through a heat exchanger. This process includes heat transfer, design features, mechanical characteristics, material properties and other. The article pays special attention to the brake pad pressure, braking mode, brake pad material and other factors. Modeling of thermal effects is the most important in the design of vehicle parts and assemblies. Thermal research is an important step in the study of braking systems namely railway vehicles, where it is necessary to breakе large masses, since the thermal load on the braked railway wheel prevails compared to other types of loads. In this paper, the thermal stress on the friction element of the shoe during braking is investigated. In frictional braking, the process of friction between the brake pad and the wheel occurs at the points of actual contact. The heat flow from the points of actual contact spreads over the entire geometric area of the block.

The article considers the current situation regarding the organization of control over the use of traction and energy resources of JSC «Russian Railways». The main provisions of the proposed method are stated. The influence factors on the specific electric power consumption of electric locomotives of series 2ES6 and VL10, as well as the evaluation of the quality of the constructed models of multiple nonlinear regression were estimated. New scientifically grounded technological solutions and developments are proposed that allow to reduce the specific consumption and unproductive losses of electric energy within the boundaries of the railway accounting areas.

Nowadays fuzzy neural networks are widely used for modeling of complex industrial processes. The paper considers the application of fuzzy logic to generate a mathematical model of electricity consumption in rail transport for example, traction substation Dorogino. Algorithm for choice of the structure of fuzzy neural network including the species and number of membership functions for input and the number of training cycles is presented. Comparative analysis of the structures by evaluating the mean square error is made.

A method for remote diagnosis of suspended porcelain insulators based on the pulse method is proposed. The form of test pulses for diagnosing isolators in the area of the DC contact network is determined. The main diagnostic parameters of the supplied and recorded pulses are given and calculated. The possibility of determining the distance to the faulty garland depending on the amplitude value of the diagnostic pulse has been revealed. The change of the peak value of the pulse decay depending on the resistance of the insulator string is considered. The proposed method allows localizing the position of a faulty insulator string at the DC power supply section, and subsequently reliably determining the faulty insulator in the festoon.

Application intellectual networks (smart grid) technologies for electric power quality management in systems of alternating current railroads’ power supply are considered. The structure of intellectual traction power supply system is described. Classification of management technical means for electric power modes and quality is given. The algorithm of intellectual electrical power traction systems modes’ modeling is offered. This algorithm differs by sharing of imitating and dynamic models of the active smart grid elements in its basis. The modeling results confirm applicability of the developed methods for the solution of electric power quality management’s problems.

The article discusses a question, which is bonded with the traffic safety, namely the integrity’s verification of the braking highway’s of the freight train before the departure. There was given a range of reports in the absence of the braking highway’s integrity’s test by the locomotive crews. There was the verification’s order developed and his testing done. There were made the suggestions for improvement of the safety devices in terms of automation of the integrity’s verification of the braking highway.

The article deals with issues related to theoretical and experimental studies of operating modes of the traction power supply system. The analysis of the comparison of voltages on the tires of traction substations with uncontrolled rectifiers and tires of traction substations with converter units equipped with a system of non-contact automatic voltage regulation is shown, the differences between them are shown. The modes of operation of the active partitioning post with the point of increasing voltage have been studied in detail. As a result of research, it was found that the observation time of maximum voltage values at substation tires above the average no-load voltage level is about 5 -10% of the time of day, about 7 - 8% at active posts, and 10 - 13% at passive posts. The maximum power in the active mode of the post sectioning with the point of increasing the voltage at lower voltage in the contact network is 2.9 MW. The average amount of electricity returned to the contact network point of increase of voltage, in one case is 170 kWh. The average duration of work in active mode for one case is 8,6 minutes.

The known approaches to the classification of factors affecting the energy consumption of the train are considered, and their main disadvantages are identified. The validity of existing classification methods and the completeness of accounting for factors affecting energy consumption are evaluated. It is shown that none of the known approaches to classification gives a complete picture of all the influencing factors and the degree of their influence on the energy consumption of the train, since it does not fully take into account the physical nature of the individual components and the overall power consumption for traction. Based on the analysis of the energy balance of the train articulated principles and criteria for the classification of factors influencing energy consumption, considers the interconversion of different forms of energy and describe their energy diagrams in the different modes of the train movement. The analysis made it possible to identify the factors that affect the power consumption of the train in all modes of movement, and evaluate them according to various criteria. A classification of factors affecting the train's electricity consumption is proposed, which allows us to justify the correct method of accounting for each factor, develop measures to reduce the influence of individual factors on energy consumption, improve the system of analysis, rationing and forecasting of electricity consumption for train traction, and competently solve other problems of electric traction energy.

The question of the possibility of using concrete foundations support of a contact network as earthing. The analysis of the impact of the construction of the foundation for the spreading re-sistance. The results of the calculation of spreading resistance of the anchor bolt foundation metal support on the proposed formula.

The subject of research is the evaluation of the effectiveness of different modes of energy-optimal control of the movement of a freight train of a unified mass by AC freight electric locomotives of the Uz-El series with asynchronous electric motors on the flat section of Kokand - Andijan of the Uzbek railway. Purpose of the study: substantiation of the main performance indicators of electric traction locomotives, taking into account the given traffic schedule, using various options for the optimal mode of controlling the movement of a freight train with a unified train mass on a real flat section of the Uzbek railway. The methods and methodology of the research are the theoretical foundations of locomotive traction, the mathematical theory of optimal object control, as well as the C # programming language (C Sharp) with the development of mock-up applications in the Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0 programming environment.As a result of the study, energy-optimal curves, kinematic parameters of the movement of a freight train and parameters of the main indicators of the energy efficiency of the investigated electric locomotive for different options for traction calculation on the real flat section of Kokand - Andijan of the Uzbek railway were obtained. The obtained kinematic parameters of the movement of freight trains with a unified mass of the train and the parameters of the efficiency indicators for the use of the studied electric locomotives can be used in the Kokand locomotive depot, which will allow developing regime maps for driving freight trains by these electric locomotives, depending on the level of complexity of the track profile and various conditions for organizing rail transportation of goods.

This paper considers a continuous automatic locomotive signalling (CALS) receiver with a correlation decoder. The aim of this paper is to investigate the influence of harmonic interference from a high-voltage power line on the operation of a non-linear CALS receiver with a correlation decoder. The experimental study of the quality of operation of a non-linear CALS receiver with a correlation decoder under the influence of harmonic interference from high-voltage power lines was carried out using the simulation method. Simulation models of interference from a high-voltage power line (VPL), a receiver and a correlation decoder of the CALS channel were used in the study. The analysis of oscillograms obtained as a result of the study has shown that the correlation decoder has a number of features due to the algorithm of its functioning. The correlation decoder more confidently accepts code combinations with a duration of 1.6s (generated by the code track transmitter of CTT-5 type), than the duration of 1.86s (generated by the code track transmitter CTT-7). This is expressed in a shorter time interval of disturbance of the CALS non-linear receiving device. At decoding of the code combination (CC) with the duration of both 1.6 s and 1.86 s the situation of short-term decoding of the more permissive CC «Y» instead of «RY» was observed. However, the duration of these situations did not exceed two code cycles and would not have caused a more permissive light to appear at the locomotive traffic light. In general, the experiments have shown that the CALS CC correlation decoding algorithm needs improvement for more confident decoding of CCs produced by a code track transmitter of the CTT-7 type(1.86 s).

The purpose of this article is to analyze the voltage drop in the contact network caused by poor-quality operation of an alternating current electric locomotive when passing heavy trains. Heavy-haul traffic is considered today as a valid and necessary tool for increasing weight norms and increasing the throughput of railway sections. The article provides statistics on the passage of heavy and connected trains on the Krasnoyarsk railway for 2019 and 2020. For the effective use of heavy traffic, it is necessary to solve a number of problems, one of which is to reduce the voltage in the overhead network when passing heavy trains, this negatively affects the speed of the train along the haul, the conditions for cooling the power equipment of the electric locomotive deteriorate, etc. As a result of the analysis of the operation of the thyristor rectifier-inverter converter, a number of disadvantages were revealed. The reason for the low power factor of the electric locomotive lies in the use of an outdated element base based on thyristors, their closure is carried out only in the next voltage half-cycle, long-term switching and a large opening angle of thyristors leads to a significant reactive current in the contact network. Based on the analysis the voltage losses at the current collector, it was concluded that it is necessary to reduce the duration of the switching process of the arms of the rectifier-inverter converter, in which a short circuit occurs in the secondary winding of the traction transformer. An alternative version of the converter based on fully controlled semiconductor devices - IGBT transistors is proposed. The ability to open and close at any time of such elements allows you to minimize the phase angle and increase the power factor. Due to the almost instantaneous switching of transistors, the distortion in the contact network is minimized.

The article describes the design of a universal measuring pantograph, designed to obtain during the test trips sets of accurate and adequate information on the quality of current collection due to the possibility of modeling parameters and characteristics of advanced domestic and foreign current collectors, mounted on a modern electric rolling stock. Presented the results of his testing at the West-Siberian railway.

The questions of the composition of the design and technology of smelting, casting and heat treatment of alloyed rail steels having high operational stability. Together specialists EVRAZ ZSMK Novokuznetsk and IrGUPS was proposed complex doping scheme of the rail steel and rail rolling floor EVRAZ ZSMK was conducted testing of the technology of smelting and eletropechnoy thermostrengthening superperlitnoy steel of high purity, which has high wear resistance. several experimental batches were produced rails, which are tested on the site of the saddle-point Irkutsk-Slyudyanka VSZHD with an unfavorable combination of operational loads, causing increased wear of the rails. The test results showed high wear resistance experienced rails and expediency of development of industrial production.